Physical characterization of aerosol particles during nucleation events
Pasi Aalto,Kaarle Hämeri,E. D. O. Becker,Rodney J. Weber,J. Salm,Jyrki M. Mäkelä,Claudia Hoell,Colin D. O'Dowd,Colin D. O'Dowd,Hans Karlsson,Hans-Christen Hansson,M. Väkevä,Ismo K. Koponen,G. Buzorius,Markku Kulmala +14 more
TLDR
Particle concentrations and size distributions have been measured from different heights inside and above a boreal forest during three BIOFOR campaigns (14 April-22 May 1998, 27 July-21 August 1998 and 20 March-24 April 1999) in Hyytiala, Finland.Abstract:
Particle concentrations and size distributions have been measured from different heights inside and above a boreal forest during three BIOFOR campaigns (14 April–22 May 1998, 27 July–21 August 1998 and 20 March–24 April 1999) in Hyytiala, Finland Typically, the shape of the background distribution inside the forest exhibited 2 dominant modes: a fine or Aitken mode with a geometric number mean diameter of 44 nm and a mean concentration of 1160 cm −3 and an accumulation mode with mean diameter of 154 nm and a mean concentration of 830 cm −3 A coarse mode was also present, extending up to sizes of 20 μm having a number concentration of 12 cm −3 , volume mean diameter of 20 μm and a geometric standard deviation of 19 Aerosol humidity was lower than 50% during the measurements Particle production was observed on many days, typically occurring in the late morning Under these periods of new particle production, a nucleation mode was observed to form at diameter of the order of 3 nm and, on most occasions, this mode was observed to grow into Aitken mode sizes over the course of a day Total concentrations ranged from 410–45 000 cm −3 , the highest concentrations occurring on particle production days A clear gradient was observed between particle concentrations encountered below the forest canopy and those above, with significantly lower concentrations occurring within the canopy Above the canopy, a slight gradient was observed between 18 m and 67 m, with at maximum 5% higher concentration observed at 67 m during the strongest concentration increases DOI: 101034/j1600-08892001530403xread more
Citations
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Formation and growth rates of ultrafine atmospheric particles: a review of observations
Markku Kulmala,Hanna Vehkamäki,Tuukka Petäjä,M. Dal Maso,Antti Lauri,V.-M. Kerminen,Wolfram Birmili,Peter H. McMurry +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation rate of 3-nm particles is often in the range 0.01-10 cm −3 s −1 in the boundary layer in urban areas and in coastal areas and industrial plumes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formation of Urban Fine Particulate Matter
Renyi Zhang,Gehui Wang,Song Guo,Misti L. Zamora,Qi Ying,Yun Lin,Weigang Wang,Min Hu,Yuan Wang +8 more
TL;DR: Air pollutants consist of a complex combination of gases and particulate matter, which is emitted directly into the atmosphere or formed in the atmosphere through gas-to-particle conversion (secondary) (Figure 1).
Journal ArticleDOI
Nucleation and Growth of Nanoparticles in the Atmosphere
TL;DR: Nucleation and Growth of Nanoparticles in the Atmosphere Renyi Zhang,* Alexei Khalizov, Lin Wang, Min Hu, and Wen Xu.
Journal Article
Formation and growth of fresh atmospheric aerosols: eight years of aerosol size distribution data from SMEAR II, Hyytiälä, Finland
Miikka Dal Maso,Markku Kulmala,Ilona Riipinen,Robert Wagner,Tareq Hussein,Pasi Aalto,Kari E. J. Lehtinen +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed size distributions measured continuously at a boreal forest measurement site at Hyytiala, Finland between 1996 and 2003 and identified days when new aerosol particle formation was taking place as well as days when no formation was detected, removing days with ambiguous status.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the formation, growth and composition of nucleation mode particles
Markku Kulmala,M. Dal Maso,Jyrki M. Mäkelä,Liisa Pirjola,M. Väkevä,Pasi Aalto,P. Miikkulainen,Kaarle Hämeri,Colin D. O'Dowd +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, a new analytical tool was developed to derive formation and growth properties of nucleation mode aerosols, taking advantage of only the measured aerosol particles spectral evolution as a function of time.
References
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An approximation of the bipolar charge distribution for particles in the submicron size range
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A new electromobility spectrometer for the measurement of aerosol size distributions in the size range from 1 to 1000 nm
TL;DR: The Electromobility Spectrometer as mentioned in this paper is an automated measurement system for the size analysis of fine and ultrafine aerosols using Differential Mobility Analysers (DMA) for the classification of particles and an electrical sensor for their detection.
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An Ultrafine Aerosol Condensation Nucleus Counter
TL;DR: In this paper, a condensation nucleus counter (CNC) for detecting ultrafine aerosol (UFA) particles (particle diameter ≤ 20 nm) is described, which is designed specifically for high-efficiency detection and counting of ultrafine particles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observations of ultrafine aerosol particle formation and growth in boreal forest
Jyrki M. Mäkelä,Pasi Aalto,Vilho Jokinen,Toivo Pohja,Ari Nissinen,Sari Palmroth,Tiina Markkanen,K. Seitsonen,H. Lihavainen,Markku Kulmala +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the number size distribution of ambient submicron and ultrafine aerosol particles have been measured on a continuous basis (every 10 minutes) for three quarters of the year 1996, at a forest site in Southern Finland.
Journal ArticleDOI
Overview of the international project on biogenic aerosol formation in the boreal forest (BIOFOR)
Markku Kulmala,Kaarle Hämeri,Kaarle Hämeri,Pasi Aalto,Jyrki M. Mäkelä,Liisa Pirjola,E. Douglas Nilsson,E. Douglas Nilsson,G. Buzorius,Üllar Rannik,M. Dal Maso,Winfried Seidl,T. Hoffman,Robert Janson,Hans-Christen Hansson,Y. Viisanen,Ari Laaksonen,Ari Laaksonen,Colin D. O'Dowd,Colin D. O'Dowd +19 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the formation mechanisms of aerosol particles in the boreal forest site and quantified the amount of condensable vapours produced in photochemical reactions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) leading to aerosol formation.