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Physics and applications of terahertz radiation

Matteo Perenzoni, +1 more
- Vol. 173
TLDR
In this paper, the authors present a review of the state-of-the-art THz-TDS detectors and their application in a wide range of applications, including quantum well detectors, quantum cascade lasers, and more.
Abstract
THz Detectors 1 Quantum Well Photodetectors Fabrizio Castellano. 1.1 Fundamentals of photoconductors and photodiodes. 1.2 Semiconductor quantum wells. 1.3 Intersubband transitions. 1.4 Transport in multi-quantum-well systems. 1.5 Quantum well detectors. 1.6 Quantum dot detectors. 2 Bolometric Detectors Francois Simoens. 2.1 Bolometric detection. 2.2 Cooled THz bolometers. 2.3 Uncooled THz bolometers. 2.4 Conclusions. 2.5 Acknowledgements. 3 Terahertz Plasma Field-Effect Transistors Wojciech Knap, Dominique Coquillat, Nina Dyakonova, Dmitry But, Taiichi Otsuji and Frederic Teppe. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Experiments on THz Emission from Field Effect Transistors. 3.3 Experiments on THz Detection by Field Effect Transistors. 3.4 Detection by double grating gate FETs. 3.5 Summary. THz Sources. 4 Quantum Cascade Lasers Douglas Paul. 4.1 Background. 4.2 Quantum wells and quantum mechanical tunneling. 4.3 QCL lasing requirements. 4.4 Gain in quantum cascade lasers. 4.5 Active region designs. 4.6 Waveguide designs and losses. 4.7 Exemplar experimental laser results. 4.8 Future requirements from THz quantum cascade lasers. 4.9 Summary. 5 Relativistic Electrons Based Sources Andrea Doria. 5.1 The Electron Photon Interaction. 5.2 The Free Electron Laser (FEL) Mechanism. 5.3 Compact FELs. 5.4 The Frascati FEL Facility. 5.5 The Compact Advanced THz Source (CATS). 6 Non-linear Optical Generation Graeme Malcolm, David A. Walsh, Marc Chateauneuf. 6.1 Intracavity THz generation in OPOs. 6.2 Application of Intracavity THz OPO in stand-off spectroscopy. Systems and Applications. 7 THz Control with Metamaterials David R. S. Cumming, Timothy D. Drysdale, James P. Grant. 7.1 Diffractive optics. 7.2 Polarisation control. 7.3 Terahertz filters. 7.4 Metamaterials and surface plasmon resonance. 7.5 Summary. 8 Time Domain Spectroscopy Jean-Francois Roux, Frederic Garet, Jean-Louis Coutaz. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Principles of THz-TDS. 8.3 Generation and detection of short electromagnetic pulses. 8.4 Characteristics of a TDS setup. 8.5 Principles for extraction of optical parameters from THz-TDS measurements. 8.6 Examples of applications of THz-TDS. 8.7 Uncertainties and precision of THz-TDS. 8.8 Comparison with FTIR measurements. 8.9 Conclusions. 9 Security and Safety Roger Appleby, Martyn Chamberlain. 9.1 Overview. 9.2 Nature of security threats, ethical considerations. 9.3 Physical principles. 9.4 Review of previous topical reviews (2006-2010). 9.5 Review of available commercial and near-to-market systems. 9.6 New developments. 9.7 Terahertz safety. 9.8 Overall conclusions.

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Contents
Part I THz Detectors
1 Quantum Well Photodetectors .......................... 3
Fabrizio Castellano
2 THz Bolometer Detectors .............................. 35
François Simoens
3 Terahertz Plasma Field Effect Transistors.................. 77
W. Knap, D. Coquillat, N. Dyakonova, D. But,
T. Otsuji and F. Teppe
Part II THz Sources
4 Quantum Cascade Lasers .............................. 103
Douglas J. Paul
5 Relativistic Electrons-Based THz Sources: Principles
of Operation and the ENEA Experience ................... 123
Andrea Doria
6 Physics and Applications of T-Rays....................... 149
Graeme P. A. Malcolm, David A. Walsh and Marc Chateauneuf
Part III Systems and Applications
7 Terahertz Control ................................... 179
David R. S. Cumming, Timothy D. Drysdale and James P. Grant
vii

8 Principles and Applications of THz Time
Domain Spectroscopy ................................. 203
J.-F. Roux, F. Garet and J.-L. Coutaz
9 Terahertz Frequency Security Systems and Terahertz
Safety Considerations ................................. 233
R. Appleby and J. M. Chamberlain
viii Contents
Citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the self-focusing of hollow Gaussian laser beam (HGLB) in collisionless magnetized plasma and its effect on the generation of THz radiation in the presence of relativistic-ponderomotive nonlinearity was explored.
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About possible THz modulator on the base of delta-doped QWs

TL;DR: In this paper, a new type of THz modulator based on the dependence of separation between space quantized energy levels in a quantum well (QW) on the degree of ionization of shallow impurity delta doped layer situated within the QW is supported with theoretical calculations of absorption coefficients for intersubband optical transitions of n-type Si0.8Ge 0.2/Si/Si0.2 QW structure.
Frequently Asked Questions (1)
Q1. What are the contributions in this paper?

In this paper, the principles of operation and the ENEA Experience are described for T-Rays.