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Prevalence and course of sleep problems in childhood.

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TLDR
The analysis of self- and parental reports revealed that in general children described significantly more difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep than their parents report.
Abstract
Study objectives The Cologne Children's Sleep Study intended to provide information on prevalence and course of difficulties of initiating and maintaining sleep in childhood. Design Longitudinal study. Setting Children of the fourth grade of elementary schools in Cologne. Participants 832 children and their parents; the mean age of the children was 9.4, 10.7, and 11.7 years at the 3 assessments. Measurements and results Children and parents were surveyed using questionnaires 3 times on an annual basis. In self- and parental reports, about 30%-40% of the children of the longitudinal sample had problems falling asleep at the first assessment. One year later, about 30% to 40% of these children did not describe any difficulties initiating sleep, whereas about 60% did report continuing difficulties initiating sleep. Difficulties maintaining sleep are less common in childhood. The analysis of self- and parental reports revealed that in general children described significantly more difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep than their parents report. Conclusions Difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep may be transient or persistent. In practice, children and adolescents should be included in the diagnostic and therapeutic process.

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Sleep Behaviors and Sleep Quality in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

TL;DR: The prevalence estimate of 66% for moderate sleep disturbances in the ASD cohort underscores the significant sleep problems that the families of these children face and highlights pediatric sleep debt as a public health problem of concern.
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Sleep disturbances in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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Sex Differences in Insomnia: from Epidemiology and Etiology to Intervention.

TL;DR: This paper will review sex differences in insomnia based on risk factors, mechanisms, and consequences, as well as treatment response, and discuss treatment recommendations when working with female populations at different stages in the life span that may be more vulnerable to insomnia.
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Prevalence of insomnia symptoms in a general population sample of young children and preadolescents: gender effects

TL;DR: One out of five young children and preadolescents of the general population have insomnia symptoms, and the prevalence of insomnia symptoms peaks in girls ages 11 to 12 years and is associated with objective sleep disturbances which may be related to hormonal changes associated with the onset of puberty rather than anxiety and depression.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Sleep habits and sleep disturbance in elementary school-aged children.

TL;DR: Children tended to identify more sleep problems by self‐report, particularly sleep‐onset delay and night wakings, than did their parents, and approximately 10% of the sample was identified by all three measures as having significant problems with daytime sleepiness.
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Sleep and Behavior Problems in School-Aged Children

TL;DR: Parental perception of global sleep problems was surprisingly common in school-aged children receiving routine pediatric care and may be a red flag for specific sleep problems and psychiatric, social, or medical problems.
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Sleep problems in childhood: a longitudinal study of developmental change and association with behavioral problems

TL;DR: In this article, a large-scale longitudinal study of children growing up in adoptive and non-adoptive (biological) families in Colorado was conducted to examine specificity, order of appearance, and developmental changes in the relationships between sleep problems and behavioral problems in children.
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Epidemiology of DSM-IV Insomnia in Adolescence: Lifetime Prevalence, Chronicity, and an Emergent Gender Difference

TL;DR: In this first epidemiologic study of insomnia defined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria in a US sample of adolescents, lifetime prevalence of insomnia is estimated, chronicity and onset are examined, and the role of pubertal development is explored.
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Sleep patterns and sleep problems among schoolchildren in the United States and China.

TL;DR: Shorter daily sleep duration was associated with difficulty falling asleep, struggling at bedtime, and trouble sleeping away for US children, and with going to bed at different times and having a fear of sleeping alone for Chinese children.
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