Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in patients with gout: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
TLDR
The findings indicate that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is remarkably high among individuals with gout, given the serious complications associated with metabolic syndrome, and this frequent comorbidity should be recognized and taken into account in long-term treatment and overall health of individuals withGout.Abstract:
Objective
To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with gout and to examine the association between the 2 conditions in a nationally representative sample of US adults.
Methods
Using data from 8,807 participants age ≥20 years in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988–1994), we determined the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among individuals with gout and quantified the magnitude of association between the 2 conditions. We used both the revised and original National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) criteria to define metabolic syndrome.
Results
The prevalence (95% confidence interval [95% CI]) of metabolic syndrome according to revised NCEP/ATP III criteria was 62.8% (51.9–73.6) among individuals with gout and 25.4% (23.5–27.3) among individuals without gout. Using 2002 census data, ∼3.5 million US adults with a history of gout have metabolic syndrome. The unadjusted and age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of metabolic syndrome for individuals with gout were 4.96 (3.17–7.75) and 3.05 (2.01–4.61), respectively. With the original NCEP/ATP criteria, the corresponding prevalences were slightly lower, whereas the corresponding odds ratios were slightly higher. The stratified prevalences of metabolic syndrome by major associated factors of gout (i.e., body mass index, hypertension, and diabetes) remained substantially and significantly higher among those with gout than those without gout (all P values <0.05).
Conclusion
These findings indicate that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is remarkably high among individuals with gout. Given the serious complications associated with metabolic syndrome, this frequent comorbidity should be recognized and taken into account in long-term treatment and overall health of individuals with gout.read more
Citations
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Prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia in the US general population: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2008.
TL;DR: The findings from nationally representative samples of US adults suggest that the prevalence of both gout and hyperuricemia remains substantial and may have increased over the past 2 decades, which is likely related to increasing frequencies of adiposity and hypertension.
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Soft drinks, fructose consumption, and the risk of gout in men: prospective cohort study
Hyon K. Choi,Gary C. Curhan +1 more
TL;DR: Prospective data suggest that consumption of sugar sweetened soft drinks and fructose is strongly associated with an increased risk of gout in men, and fructose rich fruits and fruit juices may also increase the risk.
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Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in individuals with hyperuricemia.
Hyon K. Choi,Earl S. Ford +1 more
TL;DR: Findings from a nationally representative sample of US adults indicate that the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome increases substantially with increasing levels of serum uric acid and Physicians should recognize the metabolic Syndrome as a frequent comorbidity of hyperuricemia and treat it to prevent serious complications.
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Comorbidities of Gout and Hyperuricemia in the US General Population: NHANES 2007-2008
TL;DR: Sex-specific odds ratios tended to be larger among women than men, and the overall comorbidity prevalence was highest among individuals with both gout and hyperuricemia.
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