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Journal ArticleDOI

Probabilistic clock synchronization

Flaviu Cristian
- 01 Sep 1989 - 
- Vol. 3, Iss: 3, pp 146-158
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TLDR
A probabilistic method is proposed for reading remote clocks in distributed systems subject to unbounded random communication delays and can achieve clock synchronization precisions superior to those attainable by previously published clock synchronization algorithms.
Abstract
A probabilistic method is proposed for reading remote clocks in distributed systems subject to unbounded random communication delays. The method can achieve clock synchronization precisions superior to those attainable by previously published clock synchronization algorithms. Its use is illustrated by presenting a time service which maintains externally (and hence, internally) synchronized clocks in the presence of process, communication and clock failures.

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Citations
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Fine-grained network time synchronization using reference broadcasts

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Clock synchronization for wireless sensor networks: a survey

TL;DR: In this paper, a survey and evaluation of clock synchronization protocols based on a palette of factors such as precision, accuracy, cost, and complexity is presented, which can help developers either in choosing an existing synchronization protocol or in defining a new protocol that is best suited to the specific needs of a sensor network application.
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Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture, Patterns for Concurrent and Networked Objects

TL;DR: The patterns catalogued in this second volume of Pattern-Oriented Software Architectures (POSA) form the basis of a pattern language that addresses issues associated with concurrency and networking.
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Understanding fault-tolerant distributed systems

TL;DR: This article attempts to introduce some discipline and order in understanding fault-tolerance issues in distributed system architectures by examining various proposals, discusses their relative merits, and illustrates their use in existing commercial fault-Tolerance systems.
References
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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Maintaining the time in a distributed system

TL;DR: To a client of a loosely-coupled distributed system, one of the simplest services is a time service, usually the client simply requests the time from any subset of the time servers making up the service, and uses the first reply.

The Accuracy of the Clock Synchronization Achieved by TEMPO in

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the upper and lower bounds on the accuracy of the time synchronization achieved by the algorithms implemented in TEMPO, a distributed clock synchronizer running on Berkeley UNIX 4.3BSD systems.
Journal ArticleDOI

The accuracy of the clock synchronization achieved by TEMPO in Berkeley UNIX 4.3BSD

TL;DR: Comparisons with other clock synchronization algorithms reveals that TEMPO may achieve better synchronization accuracy at a lower cost.
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