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Journal ArticleDOI

Probabilistic clock synchronization

Flaviu Cristian
- 01 Sep 1989 - 
- Vol. 3, Iss: 3, pp 146-158
TLDR
A probabilistic method is proposed for reading remote clocks in distributed systems subject to unbounded random communication delays and can achieve clock synchronization precisions superior to those attainable by previously published clock synchronization algorithms.
Abstract
A probabilistic method is proposed for reading remote clocks in distributed systems subject to unbounded random communication delays. The method can achieve clock synchronization precisions superior to those attainable by previously published clock synchronization algorithms. Its use is illustrated by presenting a time service which maintains externally (and hence, internally) synchronized clocks in the presence of process, communication and clock failures.

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References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Clock Synchronization in Distributed Real-Time Systems

TL;DR: Depending on the types and number of tolerated faults, this paper presents upper bounds on the achievable synchronization accuracy for external and internal synchronization in a distributed real-time system.
Journal ArticleDOI

Synchronizing clocks in the presence of faults

TL;DR: Three algorithms for maintaining clock synchrony in a distributed multiprocess system where each process has its own clock work in the presence of arbitrary clock or process failures, including “two-faced clocks” that present different values to different processes.
Journal ArticleDOI

Optimal clock synchronization

TL;DR: This is the first known solution that achieves optimal accuracy—the accuracy of synchronized clocks (with respect to real time) is as good as that specified for the underlying hardware clocks.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

A new fault-tolerant algorithm for clock synchronization

TL;DR: A new fault-tolerant algorithm for solving a variant of Lamport's clock synchronization problem for a system of distributed processes that communicate by sending messages, which solves the problem of maintaining closely synchronized local times, assuming that processes' local times are closely synchronized initially.
Journal ArticleDOI

A new fault-tolerant algorithm for clock synchronization

TL;DR: A new fault-tolerant algorithm for solving a variant of Lamport's clock synchronization problem for a system of distributed processes that communicate by sending messages that maintains synchronization to within a small constant, whose magnitude depends upon the rate of clock drift, the message delivery time and its uncertainty.
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