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"Raw Data" Is an Oxymoron
TLDR
This book's essays describe eight episodes in the history of data from the predigital to the digital, addressing such issues as the ways that different kinds of data and different domains of inquiry are mutually defining; how data are variously "cooked" in the processes of their collection and use; and conflicts over what can be "reduced" to data.Abstract:
We live in the era of Big Data, with storage and transmission capacity measured not just in terabytes but in petabytes (where peta- denotes a quadrillion, or a thousand trillion). Data collection is constant and even insidious, with every click and every "like" stored somewhere for something. This book reminds us that data is anything but "raw," that we shouldn't think of data as a natural resource but as a cultural one that needs to be generated, protected, and interpreted. The book's essays describe eight episodes in the history of data from the predigital to the digital. Together they address such issues as the ways that different kinds of data and different domains of inquiry are mutually defining; how data are variously "cooked" in the processes of their collection and use; and conflicts over what can -- or can't -- be "reduced" to data. Contributors discuss the intellectual history of data as a concept; describe early financial modeling and some unusual sources for astronomical data; discover the prehistory of the database in newspaper clippings and index cards; and consider contemporary "dataveillance" of our online habits as well as the complexity of scientific data curation. Essay authors:Geoffrey C. Bowker, Kevin R. Brine, Ellen Gruber Garvey, Lisa Gitelman, Steven J. Jackson, Virginia Jackson, Markus Krajewski, Mary Poovey, Rita Raley, David Ribes, Daniel Rosenberg, Matthew Stanley, Travis D. Williamsread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Datafication, dataism and dataveillance: Big Data between scientific paradigm and ideology
TL;DR: This article deconstructs the ideological grounds of datafication, a ideology rooted in problematic ontological and epistemological claims that shows characteristics of a widespread secular belief in the context of a larger social media logic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding Social Media Logic
José van Dijck,Thomas Poell +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the intricate dynamic between social media platforms, mass media, users, and social institutions by calling attention to social media logic, the norms, strategies, mechanisms, and economies underpinning its dynamics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Surveillance, Snowden, and Big Data: Capacities, consequences, critique
TL;DR: Big Data intensifies certain surveillance trends associated with information technology and networks, and is thus implicated in fresh but fluid configurations, and the ethical turn becomes more urgent as a mode of critique.
Journal ArticleDOI
Big Data Surveillance: The Case of Policing:
TL;DR: In this paper, the intersection of two structural developments: the growth of surveillance and the rise of big data is examined, drawing on observations and interviews conducted within the Los Angeles area.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
“Everyone wants to do the model work, not the data work”: Data Cascades in High-Stakes AI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report on data practices in high-stakes AI, from interviews with 53 AI practitioners in India, East and West African countries, and USA, and define, identify, and present empirical evidence on Data Cascades, compounding events causing negative, downstream effects from data issues.
References
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