Journal ArticleDOI
Re-evaluation of the thiocyanate dosimeter for pulse radiolysis
George V. Buxton,Craig R. Stuart +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the super-Fricke dosimeter was used as a secondary standard for the thiocyanate dosimeter in O2-saturated water and the results were improved to 3.47 ± 0.06.Abstract:
The thiocyanate dosimeter (10–2 mol dm–3 SCN– in O2-saturated water) has been standardised against the super-Fricke dosimeter (10–2 mol dm–3 FeII in O2-saturated 0.4 mol dm–3 H2SO4) using the hexacyanoferrate(II) dosimeter [5 × 10–3 mol dm–3 Fe(CN)64– in O2-saturated water] as a secondary standard. On the basis that G(FeIII)= 1.67 × 10–6 mol J–1 and IµFeIII= 220.4 m2 mol–1 at 304 nm and 25 °C in the super-Fricke dosimeter, we obtain GIµ[Fe(CN)63–]=(3.47 ± 0.06)× 10–5 m2 J–1 at 420 nm and GIµ(SCN)2˙–=(2.59 ± 0.05)× 10–4 m2 J–1 at 475 nm. These values remain unchanged when the solutions are saturated with air instead of O2 and are doubled in N2O-saturated solution.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Radiation chemistry of methyl tert-butyl ether in aqueous solution.
Stephen P. Mezyk,Jace Jones,William J. Cooper,Thomas Tobien,Michael G. Nickelsen,J. Wesley Adams,Kevin E. O'Shea,David M. Bartels,James F. Wishart,Paul M. Tornatore,Kimberley S Newman,Kellie Gregoire,Daniel J. Weidman +12 more
TL;DR: A kinetic model was developed that compared the predicted MTBE removal from water against experimental measurements performed under large-scale electron beam treatment conditions and showed that the oxidative process was the dominant pathway.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Reactivity of the Nitrate Radical (•NO3) in Aqueous and Organic Solutions
TL;DR: In this paper, rate constants for the nitrate (•NO3) radical reaction with alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, and several aromatic compounds were measured in aqueous and tert-butanol solution.
Journal ArticleDOI
One-electron oxidation of molecules with aromatic and thioether functions: Cl2−/Br2− and OH induced oxidation of penicillins studied by pulse radiolysis
TL;DR: In this article, pulse radiolysis techniques were applied to unravel the OH and Cl 2 − /Br 2 − induced oxidation mechanism, and a higher sulfur radical cation concentration was obtained by applying Cl 2−/Br 2− compared to OH, on account of a unique stabilized intermediate formed during the OH induced oxidation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Studies on the mechanisms of activation of indolequinone phosphoramidate prodrugs.
Marcy Hernick,Richard F. Borch +1 more
TL;DR: The activation of these prodrugs by direct displacement using sulfur nucleophiles such as glutathione has been examined and suggest that drug delivery via two-electron reduction from the 2-position is the more selective prodrug strategy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Disproportionation of CrV generated by the radiation-induced reduction of CrVI in aqueous solution containing formate: a pulse radiolysis study
George V. Buxton,Fathi Djouider +1 more
TL;DR: The kinetics of the radiation-induced reduction of hexavalent CrVI to trivalent CrIII, through the unstable states CrV and CrIV, in N2O-saturated aqueous solution in the presence of formate has been studied by pulse radiolysis and bell-shaped dependence on pH is consistent with a rearrangement of the coordination shell of CrV.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Critical Review of rate constants for reactions of hydrated electrons, hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH/⋅O− in Aqueous Solution
TL;DR: In this article, the rate constants for over 3500 reaction are tabulated, including reaction with molecules, ions and other radicals derived from inorganic and organic solutes, and the corresponding radical anions, ⋅O− and eaq−, have been critically pulse radiolysis, flash photolysis and other methods.
Journal Article
Critical review of rate condtants for reaction of hydrated electrons, hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solution
Journal ArticleDOI
Yield for the scavenging of hydroxyl radicals in the radiolysis of nitrous oxide-saturated aqueous solutions
TL;DR: In this article, the thiocyanate dosimeter was calibrated against the Fricke system to obtain a value of 46,400 +-600 (molecules/100 eV) for the product of yield and extinction coefficient of (SCN)/sub 2/O-saturated solutions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Track effects in radiation chemistry. Concentration dependence for the scavenging of hydroxyl by ferrocyanide in nitrous oxide-saturated aqueous solutions
TL;DR: In this paper, the radiation chemical yield for oxidation of ferrocyanide by OH produced in the fast electron radiolysis of N/sub 2/O-saturated aqueous solutions was found to increase from a low concentration limiting yield of 5.2 to values in excess of 6.7.