Journal ArticleDOI
Reactive oxygen species in vascular biology: role in arterial hypertension.
TLDR
This review focuses on the vascular actions of reactive oxygen species, the role of oxidative stress in vascular damage in hypertension and the therapeutic potential of modulating oxygen radical bioavailability in hypertension.Abstract:
The cellular metabolism of oxygen generates potentially deleterious reactive oxygen species, including superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical. Under normal physiologic conditions, the rate and magnitude of oxidant formation is balanced by the rate of oxidant elimination. However, an imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants results in oxidative stress, which is the pathogenic outcome of the overproduction of oxidants that overwhelms the cellular antioxidant capacity. There is growing evidence that increased oxidative stress and associated oxidative damage are mediators of vascular injury in cardiovascular pathologies, including hypertension, atherosclerosis and ischemia-reperfusion. This development has evoked considerable interest because of the possibilities that therapies targeted against reactive oxygen intermediates by decreasing the generation of reactive oxygen species and/or by increasing availability of antioxidants may be useful in minimizing vascular injury. This review focuses on the vascular actions of reactive oxygen species, the role of oxidative stress in vascular damage in hypertension and the therapeutic potential of modulating oxygen radical bioavailability in hypertension. In particular, the following topics will be highlighted: chemistry and sources of reactive oxygen species, antioxidant defense mechanisms, signaling events mediated by reactive oxygen species, role of reactive oxygen species in hypertension and the putative therapeutic role of antioxidants in cardiovascular disease.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Reactive Oxygen Species, Vascular Oxidative Stress, and Redox Signaling in Hypertension What Is the Clinical Significance?
TL;DR: Current experimental evidence indicates that increased oxidative stress and associated oxidative damage are mediators of renovascular injury in cardiovascular pathologies, and the role of oxidative stress in hypertension-associated vascular damage is focused on.
Journal ArticleDOI
NADPH oxidases, reactive oxygen species, and hypertension: clinical implications and therapeutic possibilities.
TL;DR: Current developments in the field of reactive oxygen species and cardiovascular disease are highlighted, focusing specifically on the recently identified novel Nox family of NAD(P)H oxidases in hypertension, and the potential role of targeting ROS as a therapeutic possibility in the management of hypertension and cardiovascular Disease is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structure and regulation of the neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase : comparison with nonphagocyte oxidases
Mark T. Quinn,Katherine A. Gauss +1 more
TL;DR: Key structural and functional features of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase and its protein components are described, including a consideration of transcriptional and post‐translational regulatory features.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative stress and nitric oxide deficiency in the kidney: a critical link to hypertension?
TL;DR: ROS can diminish the efficiency with which the kidney uses O(2) for Na(+) transport and thereby diminish the P(O(2)) within the kidney cortex, which could further enhance vasculopathy and hypertension.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative stress and vascular inflammation in aging
TL;DR: Lifestyle attitudes such as caloric restriction and exercise training appear as effective ways to overcome defective antioxidant response and inflammation, favoring successful vascular aging and decreasing the risk for cardiovascular disease.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
NAD(P)H Oxidase: Role in Cardiovascular Biology and Disease
TL;DR: Vascular NAD(P)H oxidases have been found to be essential in the physiological response of vascular cells, including growth, migration, and modification of the extracellular matrix and have been linked to hypertension and to pathological states associated with uncontrolled growth and inflammation, such as atherosclerosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Angiotensin II stimulates NADH and NADPH oxidase activity in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.
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