Real-time speech synthesis
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TLDR
How a speech synthesizer can be controlled by a small computer in real time and the properties of the synthesizer and the control program are described along with an example of the speech synthesis.Abstract:
This paper describes how a speech synthesizer can be controlled by a small computer in real time. The synthesizer allows precise control of the speech output that is necessary for experimental purposes. The control information is computed in real time during synthesis in order to reduce data storage. The properties of the synthesizer and the control program are prsented along with an example of the speech synthesis.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Integration of featural information in speech perception.
Gregg C. Oden,Dominic W. Massaro +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a model for the identification of speech sounds is proposed that assumes that the acoustic cues are perceived independently, feature evaluation provides information about the degree to which each quality is present in the speech sound, and each speech sound is denned by a propositional prototype in longterm memory that determines how the featural information is integrated.
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Phonological context in speech perception
TL;DR: Identification of synthetic speech varying in both acoustic featural information and phonological context allowed quantitative tests of various models of how these two sources of information are evaluated and integrated in speech perception.
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Testing between the TRACE model and the fuzzy logical model of speech perception.
TL;DR: The TRACE model of speech perception is contrasted with a fuzzy logical model of perception (FLMP) and it is shown that top-down influences from the word level influence sensitivity at the phoneme level, whereas the FLMP does not.
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Categorical or continuous speech perception: A new test
TL;DR: It is argued in the present paper that more recent results taken as evidence against categorical perception are not unequivocally negative, and further tests between continuous and categorical views of speech perception are necessary.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation and integration of acoustic features in speech perception
Dominic W. Massaro,Gregg C. Oden +1 more
TL;DR: Two experiments in which the stimuli varied independently on voice onset time (VOT), the consonantal second and third formant transitions and the intensity of the aspiration noise during the VOT period found that the listener requires more extreme values of acoustic features for some speech sounds than for that of other speech sounds.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Speech Synthesis by Rule
TL;DR: Intelligible English has been synthesized in part “by rule”, with a system consisting of a computer programme and an electronic analogue synthesizer.
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The Speaking Machine of Wolfgang von Kempelen
Homer Dudley,T. H. Tarnoczy +1 more
TL;DR: Kempelen was the first to produce a complete synthetic speech mechanism which he described in detail in a book titled Mechanismus der Menschlichen Sprache nebst der Beschreibung seiner sprechenden Maschine published in 1791.
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The OVE III speech synthesizer
TL;DR: OVE III is a formant series synthesizer digitally controlled from a small computer that comprises three parallel branches for generation of vowels, fricatives, and nasals.
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Note on the Design of “Terminal‐Analog” Speech Synthesizers
TL;DR: In this paper, the synthesis of vowel sounds by lumped-constant electrical networks having transfer functions similar to the transmission properties of the vocal tract is considered, and a comparison is made between cascade and parallel connections of simple electrical resonators for producing vowel sounds.