Journal ArticleDOI
Recognition of idiotypes in lymphocyte interactions. II. Antigen-independent cooperation between T and B lymphocytes that possess similar and complementary idiotypes.
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TLDR
Antigen‐independent cooperation between T and B lymphocytes is demonstrated in vitro in two different experimental protocols, such that only those B cells respond that secrete antibody with the A5A idiotype.Abstract:
Antigen-independent cooperation between T and B lymphocytes is demonstrated in vitro in two different experimental protocols: (a) B cells from A/J mice immunized in vivo either with Group A streptococcal vaccine (Strep.A) or with the IgG1 fraction of guinea pig anti-idiotypic antibody to the A5A idiotype, mature into plaque-forming cells (PFC) with specificity for Group A streptococcal carbohydrate (A-CHO) during a 4-day culture together with T cells from A/J mice immunized in vivo with A5A idiotypic antibody. (b) B cells from A/J mice immunized in vivo with Strep.A generate PFC specific for A-CHO when cultured in the presence of small concentrations of anti-A5A idiotypic antibody and of T cells primed with Strep.A. In both cases, antigenindependent cooperation is idiotypically selective, such that only those B cells respond that secrete antibody with the A5A idiotype.
The data are interpreted to suggest that, in addition to antigen-specific helper cells, idiotype-specific may participate in antibody responses, and that the latter type of help may be responsible for the idiotypic selectivity in T-B cooperation observed previously. Furthermore, idiotype-specific cooperation may be a means to generate and maintain B cell diversity during the evolution and ontogeny of the immune system.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Genetics, Expression, and Function of Idiotypes
TL;DR: It is seen that idiotypic interactions seem to be involved in the growth control of lymphocyte clones with defined receptor specificity and may thus be essential for the generation of a diverse system of interacting cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fine specificity of regulatory T cells. II. Suppressor and helper T cells are induced by different regions of hen egg-white lysozyme in a genetically nonresponder mouse strain.
TL;DR: The genetic nonresponsiveness of B10 mice to HEL can be attributed to the activation of suppressor T cells by a limited portion of the molecule which prevent the potential response directed against other epitopes on the same molecule (e.g., N-C).
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Memory B cells at successive stages of differentiation. Affinity maturation and the role of IgD receptors
TL;DR: The IgD receptors, it is argued, serve to increase the antigen-binding capacity of lower-affinity memory cells so that these cells can survive, expand, and differentiate at antigen concentrations that select against expansion of low- affinity memory cells no longer carrying IgD receptor.
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From an Antigen‐Centered, Clonal Perspective of Immune Responses to an Organism‐Centered, Network Perspective of Autonomous Activity in a Self‐Referential Immune System
TL;DR: O que vemos, não e’o que vem, senão o que somos1 â’u seguros, nosso próprio amanhã, nos ôngeles de São Paulo.
Journal ArticleDOI
Specific T helper cells that activate B cells polyclonally. In vitro enrichment and cooperative function.
A A Augustin,A Coutinho +1 more
TL;DR: B-cell activation to growth and maturation by helper T cells strictly required direct T-cell recognition of antigens on the surface of responding B cells, leading to the conclusions that if any soluble factors are generated in the collaborative process, they are either antigen specific or incompetent to initiate B-cell growth.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The carrier effect in the secondary response to hapten-protein conjugates. II. Cellular cooperation.
TL;DR: The adoptive secondary response of mice to conjugates of NIP and DNP is used to elucidate the mechanism of cellular cooperation and shows that helper cells serve a role as handlers or concentrators of antigen, thus enabling AFCP which would otherwise be incapable of reacting to initiate antibody synthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Induction of T and B cell immunity by anti-idiotypic antibody.
K. Eichmann,Klaus Rajewsky +1 more
TL;DR: A small dose of the IgG1 fraction of anti‐idiotypic antibody raised in guinea pigs against a strain A/J antibody specific for streptococcal Group A carbohydrate sensitizes A/j mice against Group A streptitisci.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of thymus-derived lymphocytes in the secondary humoral immune response in mice.
TL;DR: In experiments reported here, anti-θ has been used in vitro in an adoptive transfer system to study the function of thymus-derived lymphocytes in the secondary humoral immune response to hapten–protein conjugates, particularly in terms of cellular cooperation and carrier effects.
Book ChapterDOI
The search for antibodies with molecular uniformity
TL;DR: The chapter presents a brief summary related to the hallmarks of immunoglobulin heterogeneity and the criteria that must be used to judge the restricted heterogeneity or molecular uniformity of an antibody preparation.
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