Review and update for central serous chorioretinopathy
TLDR
CSC is an old and well-known disease, however, the exact pathogenesis is still unknown, and with the recent introduction of advanced imaging techniques, more improved understanding of CSC is possible and subsequently, better treatment modalities have also been suggested.Abstract:
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is characterized by the accumulation of subretinal fluid (SRF) at the posterior pole of the retina, which leads to mild to moderate visual disturbance [1]. It was first described as central recurrent retinitis by Albrecht von Graefe in 1866 [2]. In 1965, Maumenee found that macular serous detachment was due to an abnormal leak from retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) through fluorescein angiography (FA) [3] and thereafter, Gass used the term “central serous chorioretinopathy” for the first time [4]. CSC is the fourth most common macular disease following agerelated macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion, but it is an important clinical issue due to its common incidence seen in the productive age group (young and middle-aged adults) [5]. CSC is an old and well-known disease, however, the exact pathogenesis is still unknown. With the recent introduction of advanced imaging techniques, more improved understanding of CSC is possible and subsequently, better treatment modalities have also been suggested. This article describes a general overview and recent clinical issues of CSC.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Central serous chorioretinopathy: Recent findings and new physiopathology hypothesis.
Alejandra Daruich,Alexandre Matet,Ali Dirani,Elodie Bousquet,Min Zhao,Nicolette Farman,Frederic Jaisser,Francine Behar-Cohen +7 more
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to recapitulate the clinical understanding of CSCR, with an emphasis on the most recent findings on epidemiology, risk factors, clinical and imaging diagnosis, and treatments options, and the novel mineralocorticoid pathway hypothesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photodynamic therapy: current role in the treatment of chorioretinal conditions
TL;DR: The current role of vPDT therapy in the treatment of chorioretinal conditions is reviewed, with particular focus on choroidal haemangioma and peripapillarychoroidal neovascularisation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gonadal Hormones and Retinal Disorders: A Review.
TL;DR: A correlation between many retinopathies and sex is observed, probably as a result of the protective effect some gonadal hormones may exert against the development of certain disorders, which has ramifications for the use of hormone therapy in the treatment of eye disease and of retinal disorders in particular.
Journal ArticleDOI
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: Pathogenesis and Management
Francesco Semeraro,Francesco Morescalchi,Andrea Russo,Elena Gambicorti,Andrea Pilotto,Francesco Parmeggiani,Silvia Bartollino,Ciro Costagliola +7 more
TL;DR: Of the interventions studied to date, PDT and micropulse laser treatment appear the most promising in treating central serous chorioretinopathy.
Journal ArticleDOI
A prospective pilot study of intravitreal aflibercept for the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: the CONTAIN study.
TL;DR: Intravitreal aflibercept was well tolerated over a 6-month treatment course for chronic CSCR and Anatomic trends may suggest some morphological activity, but larger controlled trials are needed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in central serous chorioretinopathy.
TL;DR: Enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography demonstrated a very thick choroid in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy, providing additional evidence that central serously choroidal vascular hyperpermeability may be caused by increased hydrostatic pressure in the choroids.
Journal ArticleDOI
Central serous chorioretinopathy: Recent findings and new physiopathology hypothesis.
Alejandra Daruich,Alexandre Matet,Ali Dirani,Elodie Bousquet,Min Zhao,Nicolette Farman,Frederic Jaisser,Francine Behar-Cohen +7 more
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to recapitulate the clinical understanding of CSCR, with an emphasis on the most recent findings on epidemiology, risk factors, clinical and imaging diagnosis, and treatments options, and the novel mineralocorticoid pathway hypothesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: Update on Pathophysiology and Treatment
TL;DR: Although focal laser and photodynamic therapy are the current standard of care for persistent subretinal fluid in CSC, they are not appropriate in all cases, and the optimal timing of intervention remains unclear.
Journal ArticleDOI
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy in Younger and Older Adults
Richard F. Spaide,Laura Campeas,Anton Haas,Laaurence A. Yannuzzi,Yale L. Fisher,David R. Guyer,Jason S. Slakter,John A. Sorenson,Dennis A. Orlock +8 more
TL;DR: With ophthalmoscopic and angiographic examination results, it was possible to differentiate CSC in older adults from choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Risk factors for central serous chorioretinopathy: A case-control study
TL;DR: A wide variety of systemic factors are associated with CSCR, including systemic steroid use, antibiotic use, alcohol use, and pregnancy, which are strongly associated with central serous chorioretinopathy.