Rickettsia Species Infecting Amblyomma cooperi Ticks from an Area in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, Where Brazilian Spotted Fever Is Endemic
Marcelo Bahia Labruna,Marcelo Bahia Labruna,Ted Whitworth,Mauricio Claudio Horta,Donald H. Bouyer,Jere W. McBride,Adriano Pinter,Vsevolod L. Popov,Solange Maria Gennari,David H. Walker +9 more
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TLDR
Results do not support the role of A. cooperi in the ecology of R. rickettsii in the area studied, but they add two more species of ricksettsiae to the poorly developed list of species occurring in ticks in South America.Abstract:
Owing to the potential role of the tick Amblyomma cooperi in the enzootic cycle of Rickettsia rickettsii, the etiologic agent of Brazilian spotted fever (BSF), this study evaluated infection by Rickettsia species in A. cooperi ticks collected from an area in Brazil where BSF is endemic. Among a total of 40 A. cooperi adult ticks collected in an area of BSF endemicity in the state of Sao Paulo, PCR analysis detected DNA of Rickettsia bellii in 16 ticks (40%), and 3 other ticks (7.5%) were positive for a previously unidentified spotted-fever-group (SFG) rickettsia. Cultivation in Vero cell cultures by the shell vial technique with individual A. cooperi ticks resulted in two isolates of R. bellii and one isolate genotypically characterized as an SFG rickettsia. The two R. bellii isolates were established in Vero cell cultures in the laboratory and were confirmed to be R. bellii by molecular analysis of the gltA and 17-kDa protein-encoding genes and by electron microscopic analysis. The SFG rickettsial isolate could not be stably passaged in cell culture in the laboratory, but molecular analysis of early passages suggested that it was closely related to Rickettsia parkeri, Rickettsia africae, and Rickettsia sibirica. These results do not support the role of A. cooperi in the ecology of R. rickettsii in the area studied, but they add two more species of rickettsiae to the poorly developed list of species occurring in ticks in South America.read more
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Tick-Borne Rickettsioses around the World: Emerging Diseases Challenging Old Concepts
TL;DR: The tick-borne rickettsioses described through 2005 are presented and the epidemiological circumstances that have played a role in the emergence of the newly recognized diseases are focused on.
Journal ArticleDOI
Expansion of sugarcane ethanol production in Brazil: environmental and social challenges.
TL;DR: Recommendations include proper planning and environmental risk assessments for the expansion of sugarcane to new regions such as Central Brazil, improvement of land use practices to reduce soil erosion and nitrogen pollution, and proper protection of streams and riparian ecosystems to discourage excessive replacement of natural ecosystems by bioenergy crops.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecology of rickettsia in South America.
TL;DR: In Brazil, capybaras and opossums are the most probable amplifier hosts for R. rickettsii, among A. cajennense ticks, and small rodents for A. aureolatum, which implies that R. gaelic needs amplifier vertebrate hosts for its perpetuation in nature, in order to create new lines of infected ticks (horizontal transmission).
Journal ArticleDOI
Rickettsial Infection in Animals and Brazilian Spotted Fever Endemicity
Luís Antônio Sangioni,Mauricio Claudio Horta,Manoella Campostrini Barreto Vianna,Solange Maria Gennari,Rodrigo Martins Soares,Márcio Antônio Moreira Galvão,Teresinha Tizu Sato Schumaker,Fernando Ferreira,Odilon Vidotto,Marcelo Bahia Labruna +9 more
TL;DR: Surveys of horse serum are a useful method of surveillance for Brazilian spotted fever in areas where humans are exposed to Amblyomma cajennense ticks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
TL;DR: Because there is no vaccine available against RMSF, avoidance of tick-infested areas is still the best way to prevent the infection.
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