Safety of Novel Protein Sources (Insects, Microalgae, Seaweed, Duckweed, and Rapeseed) and Legislative Aspects for Their Application in Food and Feed Production
TLDR
The aim of this article is to review the state of the art on the safety of major novel protein sources for feed and food production, in particular insects, algae (microalgae and seaweed), duckweed, and rapeseed.Abstract:
Novel protein sources (like insects, algae, duckweed, and rapeseed) are expected to enter the European feed and food market as replacers for animal-derived proteins. However, food safety aspects of these novel protein sources are not well-known. The aim of this article is to review the state of the art on the safety of major novel protein sources for feed and food production, in particular insects, algae (microalgae and seaweed), duckweed, and rapeseed. Potential hazards for these protein sources are described and EU legislative requirements as regard to food and feed safety are explained. Potential hazards may include a range of contaminants, like heavy metals, mycotoxins, pesticide residues, as well as pathogens. Some safety aspects of novel protein sources are intrinsic to the product, but many potential hazards can also be due to production methods and processing conditions. These aspects should be considered in advance during product development. European law is unclear on several issues regarding the use of novel protein sources in food and feed products. For food product applications, the most important question for food producers is whether or not the product is considered a novel food. One of the major unclarities for feed applications is whether or not products with insects are considered animal-derived products or not. Due to the unclarities in European law, it is not always clear which Regulation and maximum levels for contaminants apply. For market introduction, European legislation should be adjusted and clarified.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Catalytic fast pyrolysis of duckweed: effects of pyrolysis parameters and optimization of aromatic production.
TL;DR: In this paper, a micro-pyrolyzer coupled with gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, flame ionization detector, and a thermal conductivity detector was employed to conduct CFP of duckweed (Lemna minor) with HZSM-5 catalyst and obtained promising yields of total aromatic hydrocarbon (TAH) and benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX).
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel foods: a risk profile for the house cricket (Acheta domesticus).
TL;DR: The present risk profile tackles the hazards for one of the most promising novel food insects, the house cricket (Acheta domesticus), and identifies the following considerable concerns: high total aerobic bacterial counts, survival of spore‐forming bacteria following thermal processing and the bioaccumulation of heavy metals.
Book ChapterDOI
Seaweeds: a sustainable feed source for livestock and aquaculture
TL;DR: The chapter initially outlines the global feed market size and explains the importance of seaweed and its nutritional value according to animal nutrition requirements and contributions of a seaweed formulated diet in improving the immunity and overall health of animals and reducing the environmental impact of emitted greenhouse gases by ruminants are discussed.
Book ChapterDOI
Insects as Raw Materials in Compound Feed for Aquaculture
TL;DR: Topics like the effect of insect feeding substrate, insect processing and chitin that all can have an effect on insect meal will be touched on in this chapter.
Journal ArticleDOI
The valorization of the anaerobic digestate from the organic fractions of municipal solid waste: Challenges and perspectives.
TL;DR: Aim of this work is in identifying the state of the art of the strategies to manage the digestate from the anaerobic processing of the organic fractions of municipal solid waste.
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