Screening for Serious Mental Illness in the General Population
Ronald C. Kessler,Peggy Barker,Lisa J. Colpe,Joan Epstein,Joseph C. Gfroerer,Eva Hiripi,Mary J. Howes,Sharon-Lise T. Normand,Ronald W. Manderscheid,Ellen E. Walters,Alan M. Zaslavsky +10 more
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TLDR
The brevity and accuracy of the K6 and K10 scales make them attractive screens for SMI, and routine inclusion of either scale in clinical studies would create an important, and heretofore missing, crosswalk between community and clinical epidemiology.Abstract:
Background Public Law 102-321 established a block grant for adults with "serious mental illness" (SMI) and required the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) to develop a method to estimate the prevalence of SMI. Methods Three SMI screening scales were developed for possible use in the SAMHSA National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short-Form (CIDI-SF) scale, the K10/K6 nonspecific distress scales, and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO-DAS). An enriched convenience sample of 155 respondents was administered all screening scales followed by the 12-month Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). We defined SMI as any 12-month DSM-IV disorder, other than a substance use disorder, with a GAF score of less than 60. Results All screening scales were significantly related to SMI. However, neither the CIDI-SF nor the WHO-DAS improved prediction significantly over the K10 or K6 scales. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of SMI was 0.854 for K10 and 0.865 for K6. The most efficient screening scale, K6, had a sensitivity (SE) of 0.36 (0.08) and a specificity of 0.96 (0.02) in predicting SMI. Conclusions The brevity and accuracy of the K6 and K10 scales make them attractive screens for SMI. Routine inclusion of either scale in clinical studies would create an important, and heretofore missing, crosswalk between community and clinical epidemiology.read more
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The World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative Version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).
TL;DR: An overview of the World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) is presented and a discussion of the methodological research on which the development of the instrument was based is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rising morbidity and mortality in midlife among white non-Hispanic Americans in the 21st century.
Anne Case,Angus Deaton +1 more
TL;DR: A marked increase in the all-cause mortality of middle-aged white non-Hispanic men and women in the United States between 1999 and 2013 reversed decades of progress in mortality and was unique to the United United States; no other rich country saw a similar turnaround.
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Experimental Analysis of Neighborhood Effects
TL;DR: This paper found no significant overall effects of this intervention on adult economic self-sufficiency or physical health, and found that the relationship between neighborhood poverty rate and outcomes is approximately linear, using variation in treatment intensity across voucher types and cities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Screening for serious mental illness in the general population with the K6 screening scale: results from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) survey initiative
Ronald C. Kessler,Jennifer Greif Green,Michael J. Gruber,Nancy A. Sampson,Evelyn J. Bromet,Marius Cuitan,Toshi A. Furukawa,Oye Gureje,Hristo Hinkov,Chi yi Hu,Carmen Lara,Sing Lee,Zeina Mneimneh,Landon Myer,Mark Oakley-Browne,Jose Posada-Villa,Rajesh Sagar,Maria Carmen Viana,Alan M. Zaslavsky +18 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported on the background and performance of the K6 screening scale for serious mental illness (SMI) in the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) surveys.
Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National findings
Jeremy Aldworth,Kimberly L. Ault,Ellen Bishop,Patrick Chen,James Chromy,Kristen Conner,Elizabeth Copello,David Cunningham,Teresa Davis,Elizabeth Dean,Ralph E. Folsom,Misty Foster,Peter Frechtel,Julia Gable,Wafa Handley,David Heller,Erica Hirsch,Ilona S. Johnson,Rhonda Karg,Lauren Klein,Larry A. Kroutil,Patty LeBaron,Mary Ellen Marsden,Martin Meyer,Katherine Morton,Scott P. Novak,Lisa Packer,Michael R. Pemberton,Jeremy Porter,Heather Ringeisen,Tania Robbins,Harley Rohloff,Kathryn Spagnola,Thomas G. Virag,Jiantong Wang,Peggy Barker,Jonaki Bose,James D. Colliver,Lisa J. Colpe,Joseph C. Gfroerer,Beth Han,Arthur Hughes,Michael Jones,Joel Kennet,Pradip K. Muhuri,Dicy Painter +45 more
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TL;DR: The brevity, strong psychometric properties, and ability to discriminate DSM-IV cases from non-cases make the K10 and K6 attractive for use in general-purpose health surveys.
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