Short-term effects of fishing on life history traits of fishes
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High adult mortality appears to lead to short-term apparently plastic changes in age and size at maturity: exploited populations are characterized by earlier age and increasedsize at maturity.Abstract:
An important aspect of species susceptibility to fishing are the changes in demographic characteristics of populations that fishing might induce. The purpose of this study is to show the short-term effects of fishing on growth and reproduction patterns. This assessment is made through a comparative study of key parameters (mortality, size, age and size at maturity, fecundity) among stocks subject to various levels of exploitation. Data have been assembled for 77 separate (primarily commercial) fish stocks.Trait variation is partitioned into effects attributable to size, phylogeny, and population. High adult mortality appears to lead to short-term apparently plastic changes in age and size at maturity: exploited populations are characterized by earlier age and increased size at maturity. This compensatory response to exploitation may conceal longer term selection effects, and may be worth considering in stock assessments.read more
Citations
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Using size-based indicators to evaluate the ecosystem effects of fishing
TL;DR: The usefulness and relevance of size-based indicators (SBIs) to an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) are assessed through a review of empirical and modelling studies as discussed by the authors.
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Density-dependent growth as a key mechanism in the regulation of fish populations: evidence from among-population comparisons.
Kai Lorenzen,Katja Enberg +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence is presented to suggest that density–dependent growth in the recruited phase is a key process in the regulation of many fish populations, and the empirical relationship established here can provide indicative estimates of the density-dependent growth parameter where population–specific data are lacking.
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Maladaptive changes in multiple traits caused by fishing: impediments to population recovery.
Matthew R. Walsh,Matthew R. Walsh,Stephan B. Munch,Susumu Chiba,Susumu Chiba,David O. Conover +5 more
TL;DR: This work empirically modelled the recovery of overharvested fish populations by subjecting populations of a harvested marine fish, the Atlantic silverside, to experimental size-biased fishing regimes over five generations and then measured correlated responses across multiple traits.
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Ecological and evolutionary consequences of size-selective harvesting: how much do we know?
Phillip B. Fenberg,Kaustuv Roy +1 more
TL;DR: This work uses examples from both aquatic and terrestrial habitats to illustrate some of the biological consequences of size‐selective harvesting and discusses possible future directions of research as well as changes in management policy needed to mitigate its negative biological impacts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Life history change in commercially exploited fish stocks: an analysis of trends across studies.
TL;DR: Rates of change were as strong for PMRNs as for age and size at 50% maturity, which is consistent with the hypothesis that fishing‐induced phenotypic changes can sometimes have a genetic basis.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The evolution of life histories
TL;DR: In this article, age and size at maturity at maturity number and size of offspring Reproductive lifespan and ageing are discussed. But the authors focus on the effects of age and stage structure on fertility.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogenies and the Comparative Method
TL;DR: A method of correcting for the phylogeny has been proposed, which specifies a set of contrasts among species, contrasts that are statistically independent and can be used in regression or correlation studies.
Book
The comparative method in evolutionary biology
Paul H. Harvey,Mark Pagel +1 more
TL;DR: The comparative method for studying adaptation why worry about phylogeny?
Book
On the Dynamics of Exploited Fish Populations
TL;DR: Pitcher and Pauly as mentioned in this paper used a simple theory of fishing, illustrated by analysis of a trawl factoy, to give the annual yield in weight from a fishery in a steady state.
Book
The evolution of life histories : theory and analysis
TL;DR: This chapter discusses life history variations, the age schedules of birth and death, the cost of reproduction, and the size of clutch and offspring size.