Studies on Biological Effects of Ion Beams on Lethality, Molecular Nature of Mutation, Mutation Rate, and Spectrum of Mutation Phenotype for Mutation Breeding in Higher Plants
TLDR
The results indicated that the characteristics of ion beams for mutation induction are high mutation frequency and broad mutation spectrum and therefore, efficient induction of novel mutants.Abstract:
Recently, heavy ions or ion beams have been used to generate new mutants or varieties, especially in higher plants. It has been found that ion beams show high relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of growth inhibition, lethality, and so on, but the characteristics of ion beams on mutation have not been clearly elucidated. To understand the effect of ion beams on mutation induction, mutation rates were investigated using visible known Arabidopsis mutant phenotypes, indicating that mutation frequencies induced by carbon ions were 20-fold higher than by electrons. In chrysanthemum and carnation, flower-color and flower-form mutants, which are hardly produced by gamma rays or X rays, were induced by ion beams. Novel mutants and their responsible genes, such as UV-B resistant, serrated petals and sepals, anthocyaninless, etc. were induced by ion beams. These results indicated that the characteristics of ion beams for mutation induction are high mutation frequency and broad mutation spectrum and therefore, efficient induction of novel mutants. On the other hand, PCR and sequencing analyses showed that half of all mutants induced by ion beams possessed large DNA alterations, while the rest had point-like mutations. Both mutations induced by ion beams had a common feature that deletion of several bases were predominantly induced. It is plausible that ion beams induce a limited amount of large and irreparable DNA damage, resulting in production of a null mutation that shows a new mutant phenotype.read more
Citations
More filters
Chapter 6 - Novel trends and achievements in breeding of tropical ornamental crops especially orchids and anthuriums: the mutation breeding approach
TL;DR: Combining transgenic techniques with induced mutagenesis will greatly facilitate crop improvement in ornamentals and saves valuable time in the creation of new varieties.
Book ChapterDOI
Development of Low-Cadmium-Accumulating Rice
TL;DR: A new rice cultivar, Koshihikari Kan No. 1, is reported, which does not accumulate Cd in the grains and will help to greatly reduce Cd levels in paddy rice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Low-energy N-ion beam produced new fragrant Sangyod Phatthalung rice lines for increasing production of fermented rice vermicelli
J. Techarang,J. Techarang,A. Sutipatanasomboon,L.D. Yu,L.D. Yu,Udomrat Tippawan,B. Phanchaisri,B. Phanchaisri +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, low-energy ion beam irradiation was used as a novel mutation induction tool for rice vermicelli production using seeds of red, low-amylose and non-aromatic Sangyod Phatthalung rice (Oryza sativa L. cv).
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of metabolic changes in oxalate-rich plant Rumex obtusifolius L. caused by ion beam irradiation.
Atsuko Miyagi,Sayaka Kitano,Yutaka Oono,Yoshihiro Hase,Issay Narumi,Masatoshi Yamaguchi,Hirofumi Uchimiya,Maki Kawai-Yamada +7 more
TL;DR: Analysis of leaves of R. obtusifolius showed that oxalate content was increased by irradiation with carbon ion beams, and metabolism analysis revealed that ion beams affected carbon flow to the isocitrate pathway, which is involved in oxalates synthesis.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The origin of mutants
TL;DR: Some experiments suggesting that cells may have mechanisms for choosing which mutations will occur are described, and the source of this idea is briefly reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
TRANSPARENT TESTA 19 is involved in the accumulation of both anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in Arabidopsis.
TL;DR: Results indicate that TT19 participates in the PA pathway as well as the anthocyanin pathway of Arabidopsis, and the function of TT19 in thePA pathway is also discussed in the context of the putative transporter for PA precursors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formation of clustered dna damage after high-let irradiation: a review
TL;DR: This review will focus on the induction of clustered DNA damage by high-LET radiations presenting the earlier and recent relative data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of ionizing radiation on a plant genome: analysis of two Arabidopsis transparent testa mutations.
TL;DR: Sequence analysis of the break points in both mutants indicate that repair of radiation-induced damage involves mechanisms similar or identical to those that mediate the integration of foreign sequences into the genome.