Studies on Biological Effects of Ion Beams on Lethality, Molecular Nature of Mutation, Mutation Rate, and Spectrum of Mutation Phenotype for Mutation Breeding in Higher Plants
TLDR
The results indicated that the characteristics of ion beams for mutation induction are high mutation frequency and broad mutation spectrum and therefore, efficient induction of novel mutants.Abstract:
Recently, heavy ions or ion beams have been used to generate new mutants or varieties, especially in higher plants. It has been found that ion beams show high relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of growth inhibition, lethality, and so on, but the characteristics of ion beams on mutation have not been clearly elucidated. To understand the effect of ion beams on mutation induction, mutation rates were investigated using visible known Arabidopsis mutant phenotypes, indicating that mutation frequencies induced by carbon ions were 20-fold higher than by electrons. In chrysanthemum and carnation, flower-color and flower-form mutants, which are hardly produced by gamma rays or X rays, were induced by ion beams. Novel mutants and their responsible genes, such as UV-B resistant, serrated petals and sepals, anthocyaninless, etc. were induced by ion beams. These results indicated that the characteristics of ion beams for mutation induction are high mutation frequency and broad mutation spectrum and therefore, efficient induction of novel mutants. On the other hand, PCR and sequencing analyses showed that half of all mutants induced by ion beams possessed large DNA alterations, while the rest had point-like mutations. Both mutations induced by ion beams had a common feature that deletion of several bases were predominantly induced. It is plausible that ion beams induce a limited amount of large and irreparable DNA damage, resulting in production of a null mutation that shows a new mutant phenotype.read more
Citations
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Dark/Light Treatments Followed by γ-Irradiation Increase the Frequency of Leaf-Color Mutants in Cymbidium
TL;DR: Dark/light treatments combined with γ-irradiation increased the frequency of leaf-color mutants in Cymbidium, which supports the wider implementation of a plant breeding methodology that increases the mutation frequency of a target trait by controlling the expression of target trait-related genes.
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Effect of the Difference in the Process of Lumber Locally Produced for Local Consumption on Carbon Footprint of Products
Dissertation
Mécanismes moléculaires de la réponse des plantes aux radiations ionisantes. Exploration du rôle des glucosinolates dans la réponse antioxydante.
TL;DR: The role of glucosinolates in the reparation of ADN has been investigated in vitro as discussed by the authors, with the aim to protect the structure of cellulaires of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Book ChapterDOI
Lentil Gene Pool for Breeding
Alexios N. Polidoros,Ilias D. Avdikos,Anthoula Gleridou,Stauroula D. Kostoula,Ekaterini Koura,Michalia Sakellariou,Evangelia Stavridou,Dimitrios Gerasopoulos,Anastasia Lagopodi,Athanasios Mavromatis,Photini V. Mylona,Irini Nianiou-Obeidat,Dimitrios Vlachostergios +12 more
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The Mutagenesis of Lactobacillus Thermophilus for Enhanced L-(+)-Lactic Acid Accumulation Induced by Heavy Ion Irradiation
TL;DR: In this article, 80MeV/u carbon ions were applied to irradiate L. thermophiles and a mutant, named SRZ50, was obtained, indicating that heavy ions can be an efficient tool to improve metabolic product accumulations in microbes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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