Journal ArticleDOI
Surface and grain-boundary energies of AISI 316 stainless steel in the presence of boron
D. A. Mortimer,M. G. Nicholas +1 more
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In this paper, the effect of boron concentration on the surface and grain-boundary energies of AISI 316 steel at temperatures in the range 950-1250°C has been examined.Abstract:
The effect of boron concentration on the surface and grain-boundary energies of AISI 316 steel at temperatures in the range 950–1250°C has been examined. Four ingots were used with B contents of 0.001 and 0.006 or 0.0065 wt.-% and C contents of 0.12 and 0.05 or 0.06 wt.-%. The grain-boundary energies were decreased by 12–39% on increasing the B concentration but the effect on the surface energies was less clear. Grain-boundary grooves were formed by a surface diffusion process at 950–1150°C but no consistent effect of B on the diffusion coefficient was apparent.read more
Citations
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On the Role of Non-metallic Inclusions in the Nucleation of Acicular Ferrite in Steels
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of non-metallic inclusions in nucleating acicular ferrite in steels during cooling from a weld or cooling from an austenitic temperature are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microstructural development in mild and low-alloy steel weld metals
Øystein Grong,D. K. Matlock +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the conditions for acicular ferrite formation and the overall transformation behavior of mild and low-alloy steel weld metals are discussed in terms of deoxidation and alloying practice, solidification microstructure, and operational conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of precipitation behaviour in AISI type 316 stainless steel
TL;DR: The precipitation behavior of AISI type 316 stainless steel is reviewed in this article, where the crystal structure, composition, occurrence and characteristics of the major precipitates found in this steel (M23C6, σ, λ and η) are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hot flow behavior of boron microalloyed steels
E. López-Chipres,Ignacio Mejía,C. Maldonado,Arnoldo Bedolla-Jacuinde,M. El-Wahabi,José-María Cabrera +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of boron contents on the hot flow behavior of microalloyed steels was investigated and it was shown that both peak stress and peak strain tend to decrease as borone content increases, which indicates that borons additions have a solid solution softening effect.
Journal ArticleDOI
The use of a boron addition to prevent intergranular embrittlement in Fe-12Mn
S. K. Hwang,J. W. Morris +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a Fe-12Mn-0.002B alloy was used for structural applications at low temperature in the as-austenitized condition, and the addition of 0.002 to 0.01 wt pct boron successfully prevented intergranular fracture, leading to a spectacular improvement in the low temperature impact toughness.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Theory of Thermal Grooving
TL;DR: In this paper, the Gibbs-Thompson formula is used to describe the development of surface grooves at the grain boundaries of a heated polycrystal and the mechanisms of evaporation-condensation and surface diffusion are discussed with the use of the Gibbs•Thompson formula.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interfacial energy and composition in metals and alloys
M. C. Inman,H. R. Tipler +1 more
TL;DR: The energy associated with interfaces such as free surfaces and grain boundaries in metals and alloys is of great importance to current metallurgical practice, most particularly because it is believed to be a controlling factor in the ever-present problem of brittleness as discussed by the authors.
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The Surface Energy of Solid Metals
TL;DR: In this paper, solid/vapour surface-energy data for pure metals are collected and appraised, and the results fit a relation corresponding within error to that for liquid/vaper surface energies.
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The variation of the surface tension of nickel with crystallographic orientation
TL;DR: A method for determining the orientation dependence of the surface tension of face-centred cubic metals is described in this article, where interference microscopy is used to measure the grooves formed during heat treatment at the intersection of twin boundaries with the surface.