Journal ArticleDOI
Surface treatment by high current pulsed electron beam
Chuang Dong,Aimin Wu,Shengzhi Hao,J.X. Zou,Ziai Liu,P Zhong,Ailin Zhang,Tao Xu,Junxiu Chen,J Xu,Q Liu,Zhongrong Zhou +11 more
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TLDR
In this article, a series of pure Al and mold steels were studied and a strong enhanced diffusion effect was revealed: the surface elements diffuse approximately several micrometers in depth into the substrate only after several bombardments.Abstract:
Electron beams are becoming an increased subject of interest for materials processing. While continuous electron beams have already found wide applications in drilling, hardening, cutting and welding, the advantage of a pulsed electron beam has just emerged. It generates a high power density up to 108–109 W/cm2 at the target surface. Such a high energy is deposited only in a very thin layer within a short time, and causes superfast processes such as heating, melting and evaporation. A dynamic stress field induced in these processes leads to significant modification effects in the material. The combination of these processes provides the material with improved physicochemical and mechanical properties unattainable with ordinary surface treatment techniques. The present paper reports our recent research work on surface treatment by high-current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB). HCPEB is produced on system ‘Nadezhda-2’ with an energy range of 20–40 kV. A series of pure Al and mold steels were studied. Some of them were pre-coated with C, Cr, Ti or TiN powders. A strong enhanced diffusion effect was revealed: the surface elements diffuse approximately several micrometers in depth into the substrate only after several bombardments. Tribological behaviors of these samples were characterized and significant improvement in wear resistance was found. Finally, TEM analysis reveals the presence of stress waves generated by the coupling of thermal and stress fields, which constitutes the main cause of the enhanced diffusion.read more
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Mechanisms of nanostructure and metastable phase formations in the surface melted layers of a HCPEB-treated D2 steel
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the mechanism of surface modification associated with the high-current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) treatment of a D2 steel with increasing numbers of pulses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Improved pitting corrosion resistance of AISI 316L stainless steel treated by high current pulsed electron beam
TL;DR: In this paper, the pitting corrosion behaviors in simulated body fluid of AISI 316L stainless steel treated by high current pulsed electron beam were investigated and the results showed that the resulting crater eruption and composition homogenization contribute to the selective surface purification effect.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temperature-stress fields and related phenomena induced by a high current pulsed electron beam
TL;DR: In this paper, physical models and numerical simulations are applied to describe the thermal-dynamical processes of the high current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) treatment, which reveals an ultrahigh heating/cooling rate in the order of 10 8 -10 9 K/s, as well as rapid melting and re-solidification within microseconds in time and micrometers in depth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of hardening, wear and corrosion improvement of 316 L stainless steel by low energy high current pulsed electron beam surface treatment
J.X. Zou,J.X. Zou,J.X. Zou,K.M. Zhang,S.Z. Hao,Chuang Dong,Thierry Grosdidier,Thierry Grosdidier +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the mechanisms of corrosion and wear improvements by low energy high current pulsed electron beam (LEHCPEB) for an AISI 316-L steel.
Journal ArticleDOI
Surface modification of steels and magnesium alloy by high current pulsed electron beam
TL;DR: In this article, the surface modification of steels and magnesium alloy with high current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) was investigated and the formation mechanisms of surface cratering and non-stationary hardening effect in depth were discussed based on the elucidation of non-equilibrium temperature filed and different kinds of stresses formed during pulsed beam melting treatment.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Pulsed electron-beam technology for surface modification of metallic materials
D.I. Proskurovsky,V. P. Rotshtein,G. E. Ozur,A. B. Markov,D.S. Nazarov,V. A. Shulov,Yu. F. Ivanov,Rudolph G. Buchheit +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the foundations of a new technology for surface modification of metallic materials based on the use of original sources of low-energy, high-current electron beams are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physical foundations for surface treatment of materials with low energy, high current electron beams
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of original investigations on the surface modification of metallic materials with low energy (up to 40 keV), high current ( up to 40 J/cm 2 ) electron beams of microsecond duration is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Calculation and experimental determination of dimensions of hardening and tempering zones in quenched U7A steel irradiated with a pulsed electron beam
A.B. Markov,V.P. Rotshtein +1 more
TL;DR: Based on metallographic data and microhardness depth distributions measured in preliminarily quenched and tempered U7A steel 1 (0.7% C) after irradiation with an electron beam of duration 10 −5 s, electron energy 170 −180 keV and energy density 40 −150 J/cm 2, the dimensions of the hardened and tempered zones have been determined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Very high rate coating deposition with intense ion and/or electron bombardment
TL;DR: In this article, the principles of a new method of high rate coating deposition are presented which are based on a pulsed ion diode with explosive emission, and the equipment is flexible and can work in three regimes: pulsed ions, pulsed electron beams and the deposition of films and coatings.