Journal ArticleDOI
The Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS)
Donald R. Wesson,Walter Ling +1 more
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TLDR
The history of opiate withdrawal scales is reviewed and a template version of the COWS that can be copied and used clinically is appended.Abstract:
The clinical opiate withdrawal scale (COWS) is a clinician-administered, pen and paper instrument that rates eleven common opiate withdrawal signs or symptoms. The summed score of the eleven items can be used to assess a patient's level of opiate withdrawal and to make inferences about their level of physical dependence on opioids. With increasing use of opioids for treatment of pain and the availability of sublingual buprenorphine in the United States for treatment of opioid dependence, clinical assessment of opiate withdrawal intensity has received renewed interest. Buprenorphine, a partial opiate agonist at the mu receptor, can precipitate opiate withdrawal in patients with a high level of opioid dependence who are not experiencing opioid withdrawal. Since development of the first opiate withdrawal scale in the mid-1930s, many different opioid withdrawal scales have been used in clinical and research settings. This article reviews the history of opiate withdrawal scales and the context of their initial use. A template version of the COWS that can be copied and used clinically is appended. PDF formatted versions of the COWS are also available from the websites of the American Society of Addiction Medicine, the California Society of Addiction Medicine, the UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, and AlcoholMD.com.read more
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Perinatal Injectable Opioid Agonist Therapy (iOAT) Administration: A Case Series.
Charissa J. Patricelli,Jessie Xia Hui Chai,Shanlea Gordon,Isabelle Gouin,Nicole Carter,Karly Stewart,Vanessa Paquette,Karen Urbanoski,Arianne Albert +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present the first known case series of 13 pregnant or postpartum participants who received intravenous hydromorphone while admitted to the Families in Recovery (FIR) unit, an in-patient perinatal stabilization unit in Canada.
Journal ArticleDOI
Behavioral Health Emergencies
TL;DR: One in five adults experience mental illness annually, according to the National Institutes of Health as mentioned in this paper , and the rates are even higher among the drug or alcohol dependent, homeless, and those incarcerated or in detention centers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Klinik Opiyat Yoksunluk Ölçeği (Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale-COWS) Türkçe Sürümünün Güvenilirliği ve Geçerliliği
A. Ender Altıntoprak,E. Cuneyt Evren,Ömer Aydemir,Aslihan Yapici Eslek,Fatma Yeşim Can,Elif Aktan Mutlu,Levent Tokuçoğlu,Artuner Deveci,Hakan Coskunol +8 more
TL;DR: Fizyolojik bulguları hastanın bildirdiği öznel yaşantılardan daha Araştırma Makalesi / Research Article ©Copyright 2015 by Turkish Association of Neuropsychiatry Available online at www.noropskiyatriarsivi.com ©Telif Hakkı 2015 Türk Nöropsikiyatri Derneği Makale metnine
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FORWARDS-1: an adaptive, single-blind, placebo-controlled ascending dose study of acute baclofen on safety parameters in opioid dependence during methadone-maintenance treatment—a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic study
Louise M. Paterson,Debbie Barker,Suzie Cro,Pavel Mozgunov,Rachael Phillips,Limon Khatun Nahar,S. Paterson,Anne Lingford-Hughes +7 more
TL;DR: In this article , a Bayesian dose-escalation model was used to determine the appropriate dose of baclofen for opiate-dependent individuals receiving methadone to facilitate opiate detoxification and prevent relapse.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of Alcohol Withdrawal: the revised clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol scale (CIWA-Ar)
TL;DR: A shortened 10-item scale for clinical quantitation of the severity of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome has been developed and can be incorporated into the usual clinical care of patients undergoing alcohol withdrawal and into clinical drug trials of alcohol withdrawal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two New Rating Scales for Opiate Withdrawal
Leonard Handelsman,Kenneth J. Cochrane,Marvin J. Aronson,Robert Ness,Karen J. Rubinstein,Philip D. Kanof +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, two rating scales for measuring the signs and symptoms of opiate withdrawal are presented: Subjective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (SOWS) contains 16 symptoms whose intensity the patient rates on a scale of 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely).
Two new rating scales for opiate withdrawal
Leonard Handelsman,Kenneth J. Cochrane,Marvin J. Aronson,Robert Ness,Karen J. Rubinstein,Philip D. Kanof +5 more
TL;DR: Good interrater reliability for the OOWS and good intrasubject reliability over time for both scales are demonstrated to be valid and reliable indicators of the severity of the opiate withdrawal syndrome over a wide range of common signs and symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
The development of a Short Opiate Withdrawal Scale (SOWS)
TL;DR: The processes whereby a shorter 10-item version of the Opiate Withdrawal Scale was developed are described, suggesting that the SOWS provide a useful instrument which can be used both in research and clinical practice with opiate addicts.