Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of siltation on Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., embryos in the River Bush
W. C. K. O'connor,T. E. Andrew +1 more
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The tolerance of incubating salmon embryos to spawning gravel sedimentation was examined under hatchery conditions and also in the natural state on the River Bush, County Antrim, Northern Ireland, and mean survival was found to be better than that recorded in the hatchery, although no clear relationship was established between the level of fines and percentage survival in the wild.Abstract:
The tolerance of incubating salmon embryos to spawning gravel sedimentation was examined under hatchery conditions and also in the natural state on the River Bush, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. In a laboratory assessment alevin survival was closely related to the level of fine material. The number of individuals was reduced at the 10% fines level while >15% fine material was found to be deleterious to survival. Mean survival on the river (19.26%) was found to be better than that recorded in the hatchery, although no clear relationship was established between the level of fines and percentage survival in the wild. The mean fines accumulation (13.59%) in the river incubators at the end of the experiment was shown to be statistically similar to the background substrate. The role of high flow events in the contamination of gravels scoured by spawning fish is discussed.read more
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Habitat requirements of Atlantic salmon and brown trout in rivers and streams
TL;DR: It is prudent to accept that although manipulations of habitat may appear to be beneficial when considered locally, they should be measured and assessed where possible in terms of the production of returning adults and/or high quality smolts.
Journal ArticleDOI
The impacts of fine sediment on riverine fish
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify the causal mechanisms that underpin the observed negative response exhibited by fish populations to enhanced fine sediment loads, and the variability across different fish species across different families.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spawning habitat of Atlantic salmon and brown trout: general criteria and intragravel factors
TL;DR: Habitat criteria for spawning sites are narrower than those for small juveniles; therefore the use of separate criteria is recommended, and the critical intragravel factors affecting egg survival should be incorporated in biologically meaningful criteria for spawn habitat modelling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sediment targets for informing river catchment management: international experience and prospects
Adrian L. Collins,Adrian L. Collins,Pamela S. Naden,David Sear,J I Jones,Ian D L Foster,K Morrow +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed that more emphasis should be placed on developing generic modelling toolkits with the functionality for coupling current or future projected sediment regimes with biological response for a range of biota, which should permit the identification of river catchment specific targets within a national context, based on biological effect and incorporate sufficient flexibility for utilizing updated physical, chemical, biological and catchment attribute data.
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Sediment loads and sources in heavily modified Irish catchments: A move towards informed management strategies
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantify instream sediment loads and identify sources of fine sediment feeding into the river channel, which can then be used to justify changes in the way the catchment's resources were managed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The sizes of salmonid spawning gravels
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared published and original size distribution data to determine distinguishing characteristics of spawning gravels and how gravel size varies with the size of the spawning fish, and found that the relation between fish size and size of gravel can be described by an envelope curve.
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Observations on siting, dimensions and structure of salmonid redds
D. T. Crisp,Paul A. Carling +1 more
TL;DR: Egg burial depth in upland stony streams in north-east England and south-west Wales could be predicted from a linear regression of mean depth upon female length, and information is given on gravel composition and redd structure.
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Redd-site selection by brook trout and brown trout in southwestern Ontario streams
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the environmental variables associated with redd-substrate selection and spawning by brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and brown trout Salmo trutta in southwestern Ontario streams.
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A desk study of the relationship between temperature and hatching time for the eggs of five species of salmonid fishes
TL;DR: There were substantial within-species differences between values of D predicted from extrapolations of the two models from 2 or 3°C down to 0°C, and the simpler power-law model is preferred.
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Some Effects of Gravel Mixtures on Emergence of Coho Salmon and Steelhead Trout Fry
TL;DR: Premature emergence of coho fry was related to higher concentrations of fines, and these premature fry were smaller, and retained more yolk than fry emerging at normal times.