Journal ArticleDOI
The eosinophil and the pathophysiology of asthma
Evangelo Frigas,Gerald J. Gleich +1 more
TLDR
These and other findings suggest the hypothesis that the eosinophil mediates damage to the respiratory epithelium and is the prime effector cell in the pathophysiology of asthma.Abstract:
Eosinophilia of lung and blood associated with injury to the mucociliary escalator and excessive shedding of bronchial epithelium are hallmarks of both allergic and nonallergic asthma. In vitro, the eosinophil granule major basic protein (MBP) is toxic to helminths and to mammalian cells, including human respiratory epithelium. The MBP-mediated damage to the respiratory epithelium consists of desquamation and frank destruction of ciliated cells. Increased sputum MBP concentration is a good marker for asthma, and patients treated for acute asthma have high levels of MBP in their sputa, which decrease after treatment. Peak sputum MBP levels approximate concentrations toxic to respiratory epithelium in vitro. In the lungs of patients who had died of asthma, MBP has been localized outside of the eosinophil in association with damage to the epithelium. Overall, these and other findings suggest the hypothesis that the eosinophil mediates damage to the respiratory epithelium and is the prime effector cell in the pathophysiology of asthma.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the pathogenesis of asthma
TL;DR: In a primate model of asthma, a monoclonal antibody to ICAM-1 attenuated airway eosinophilia and hyperresponsiveness and antagonism of IC AM-1 may provide a therapeutic approach to reducing airway inflammation,hyperresponsiveness, and asthma symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Eotaxin: a potent eosinophil chemoattractant cytokine detected in a guinea pig model of allergic airways inflammation.
Peter J. Jose,David A. Griffiths-Johnson,Peter Collins,D. T. Walsh,Redwan Moqbel,N F Totty,O. Truong,J. Justin Hsuan,Timothy J. Williams +8 more
TL;DR: Eotaxin was found to be a potent stimulator of both guinea pig and human eosinophils in vitro and suggests the possibility that similar molecules may be important in the human asthmatic lung.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cytokines in symptomatic asthma airways.
David H. Broide,Martin Lotz,Anthony J. Cuomo,David A. Coburn,Edward C. Federman,Stephen I. Wasserman +5 more
TL;DR: In episodes of asthma, several cytokines, including TNF, GM-CSF, IL-1 beta, IL,2, and IL-6 are detectable in BALF, suggesting activation of alveolar macrophages and T cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
The eosinophil and bronchial asthma: Current understanding
TL;DR: Des proteines majeures basiques (MBP) dont la concentration est elevee dans les lavages bronchoalveolaires des patients, ont ete etudiees en effets physiologiques and pathologiques des eosinophiles dans the asthmes bronchiques.
Journal ArticleDOI
Airway Mucosal Inflammation Even in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Asthma
TL;DR: It is concluded that, in asthma, an airway inflammatory process is present even at a clinically early stage of the disease, and there are signs of a general inflammatory response caused by more than one cell type.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Damage of the airway epithelium and bronchial reactivity in patients with asthma.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured bronchial reactivity to inhaled histamine and prepared electron micrographs from 8 asthmatic patients who never smoked (2 females, 6 males, 18 to 62 yr of age).
Journal Article
1. Damage of the Airway Epithelium and Bronchial : Reactivity in Patients with Asthma
TL;DR: Fresh biopsies showed that asthma patients can have epithelial destruction at all levels of the airways, and Epithelial destruction in the respiratory tract of the asthma patients with mild to severe bronchial hyperresponsiveness was prominent enough to expose the epithelial nerves for specific or nonspecific stimuli.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bronchoalveolar eosinophilia during allergen-induced late asthmatic reactions.
TL;DR: Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed in 19 asthmatic patients and in 5 control subjects to suggest that eosinophils and their mediators might be involved in the development of LAR after allergen inhalation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The pathology of asthma, with special reference to changes in the bronchial mucosa
TL;DR: It is postulated that bronchospasm plays little or no part in the shedding of the bronchial mucosa or in the pathogenesis of the asthmatic attack.
Journal Article
Cytotoxic Properties of the Eosinophil Major Basic Protein
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the eosinophil produces damage to cells in disease is suggested after concentrations of MBP in the toxic range were found in sputa from asthmatics, in pleural fluid and in sera.