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The European directive on renewable electricity: conflicts and compromises

Ian H. Rowlands
- 01 May 2005 - 
- Vol. 33, Iss: 8, pp 965-974
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In this paper, the authors examine the European Union's Directive on renewable energy and examine how the discussions surrounding its content unfolded, focusing on three contentious issues that were debated during the Directive's development: the definition of renewable energy, the national targets for renewable electricity, and the questions associated with harmonisation.
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This article is published in Energy Policy.The article was published on 2005-05-01. It has received 79 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: European union & Directive.

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Bidding Strategy of Virtual Power Plant for Participating in Energy and Spinning Reserve Markets—Part I: Problem Formulation

TL;DR: In this article, a nonlinear mixed-integer programming with inter-temporal constraints is proposed to solve the problem of virtual power plant (VPP) bidding in a joint market of energy and spinning reserve service.
Journal ArticleDOI

Renewable energy policies in Europe: Converging or diverging?

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated how the EU member states have applied support policy types over the last decade and identified predominant developments in the application of feed-in tariffs, premiums, tradeable green certificates, tax incentives, investment grants, and financing support for specific technologies (wind, biomass, PV).
Journal ArticleDOI

International technology-oriented agreements to address climate change

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore what TOAs may consist of, why they might be sensible, which TOAs already exist in international energy and environmental governance, and whether they could make a valuable contribution to addressing climate change.
Journal ArticleDOI

Bidding Strategy of Virtual Power Plant for Participating in Energy and Spinning Reserve Markets—Part II: Numerical Analysis

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate the presented model in part I for bidding strategy of virtual power plant (VPP) with centralized control in a joint market of energy and spinning reserve service.
Journal ArticleDOI

Sustainability-guided promotion of renewable electricity generation

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a methodology for the design of renewable energy policy instruments that is based on integrated assessment, and they argued that using participatory multicriteria evaluation as part of the design renewable energy promotion policies would make it possible to differentiate the level of promotion in a systematic and transparent manner according to their socio-ecological economic impact, and explicitly account for the preferences of stakeholders.
References
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Prices versus quantities: choosing policies for promoting the development of renewable energy

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the efficiency of different incentive schemes for the development of renewable energy sources, both from a theoretical point of view by comparing price-based approaches with quantity-based approach, and from a practical view by looking at concrete examples of how these different instruments have been implemented.
Book

Renewable Energy: Power for a Sustainable Future

Godfrey Boyle
TL;DR: The context of renewable energies cost and resource assessment solar thermal energy solar photovoltaics energy from biomass hydroelectricity tidal power wind energy wave energy geothermal energy integration of renewable energy sources is discussed in this paper.
Book

World energy assessment : energy and the challenge of sustainability

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the linkage between energy and economic, social, environmental, and security issues, and analyzes the contradictions between current patterns of use and objectives in these areas.
Book

The European Parliament

TL;DR: A textbook on the European Parliament, covering every aspect of how it is organized, its powers and its procedures, has been published for five years as discussed by the authors, which brings the book up to date with coverage of developments such as the new powers given to the Parliament under the Amsterdam Treaty (in force from May 1999) and the 1999 election results and new office holders.
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