The Gardens of Learning: A Vision for AI
TLDR
The field of AI is directed at the fundamental problem of how the mind works; its approach, among other things, is to try to simulate its working -- in bits and pieces.Abstract:
The field of AI is directed at the fundamental problem of how the mind works; its approach, among other things, is to try to simulate its working -- in bits and pieces. History shows us that mankind has been trying to do this for certainly hundreds of years, but the blooming of current computer technology has sparked an explosion in the research we can now do. The center of AI is the wonderful capacity we call learning, which the field is paying increasing attention to. Learning is difficult and easy, complicated and simple, and most research doesn't look at many aspects of its complexity. However, we in the AI field are starting. Let us now celebrate the efforts of our forebears and rejoice in our own efforts, so that our successors can thrive in their research. This article is the substance, edited and adapted, of the keynote address given at the 1992 annual meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence on 14 July in San Jose, California.read more
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A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity
Warren S. McCulloch,Walter Pitts +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that many particular choices among possible neurophysiological assumptions are equivalent, in the sense that for every net behaving under one assumption, there exists another net which behaves under the other and gives the same results, although perhaps not in the same time.
Book
Computer Power and Human Reason
TL;DR: The book mentions some important concerns which are obscured by harsh and sometimes shrill accusations against the Artificial Intelligence research community, but it seems to me that the personal attacks distract and mislead the reader from more valuable abstract points.
Journal ArticleDOI
How we know universals: the perception of auditory and visual forms
Walter Pitts,Warren S. McCulloch +1 more
TL;DR: Two neural mechanisms are described which exhibit recognition of forms which are independent of small perturbations at synapses of excitation, threshold, and synchrony, and are referred to partiular appropriate regions of the nervous system, thus suggesting experimental verification.
Book
Artificial Experts: Social Knowledge and Intelligent Machines
TL;DR: Sociologist Harry Collins explains what computers can't do, but also studies the ordinary and extraordinary things that they can do, and argues that although machines are limited because they cannot reproduce in symbols what every community knows, the authors give them abilities because of the way they embed them in their society.