Journal ArticleDOI
The global burden of group A streptococcal diseases
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TLDR
The need to reinforce current control strategies, develop new primary prevention strategies, and collect better data from developing countries for most diseases is highlighted, as GAS is an important cause of morbidity and mortality.Abstract:
The global burden of disease caused by group A streptococcus (GAS) is not known. We review recent population-based data to estimate the burden of GAS diseases and highlight deficiencies in the available data. We estimate that there are at least 517,000 deaths each year due to severe GAS diseases (eg, acute rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart disease, post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, and invasive infections). The prevalence of severe GAS disease is at least 18.1 million cases, with 1.78 million new cases each year. The greatest burden is due to rheumatic heart disease, with a prevalence of at least 15.6 million cases, with 282,000 new cases and 233,000 deaths each year. The burden of invasive GAS diseases is unexpectedly high, with at least 663,000 new cases and 163,000 deaths each year. In addition, there are more than 111 million prevalent cases of GAS pyoderma, and over 616 million incident cases per year of GAS pharyngitis. Epidemiological data from developing countries for most diseases is poor. On a global scale, GAS is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. These data emphasise the need to reinforce current control strategies, develop new primary prevention strategies, and collect better data from developing countries.read more
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Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease The Task Force on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease of the European Society of Cardiology
Alec Vahanian,Helmut Baumgartner,Jeroen J. Bax,Butchart Eg,Robert Dion,Gerasimos Filippatos,Frank A. Flachskampf,Roger Hall,Bernard Iung,Jarosław D. Kasprzak,Patrick Nataf,Pilar Tornos,Lucia Torracca,Arnold Wenink,Silvia G. Priori,Jean-Jacques Blanc,Andrzej Budaj,John Camm,Veronica Dean,Jaap W. Deckers,Kenneth Dickstein,John Lekakis,Keith McGregor,Marco Metra,João Morais,Ady Osterspey,Juan Tamargo,José Luis Zamorano,Annalisa Angelini,Manuel J. Antunes,Miguel Ángel García Fernández,Christa Gohlke-Baerwolf,Gilbert Habib,John J.V. McMurray,Catherine M Otto,Luc Pierard,José L. Pomar,Bernard Prendergast,Raphael Rosenhek,Miguel Sousa Uva +39 more
TL;DR: Guidelines and Expert Consensus Documents aim to present management recommendations based on all of the relevant evidence on a particular subject in order to help physicians select the best possible management strategies for the individual patient suffering from a specific condition, taking into account the impact on outcome and also the risk–benefit ratio of a particular diagnostic or therapeutic procedure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease (version 2012)
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Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management
TL;DR: This review comprehensively covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management of S. aureus as a leading cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis as well as osteoarticular, skin and soft tissue, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections.
Journal ArticleDOI
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Indigenous health part 1: determinants and disease patterns
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TL;DR: The world's almost 400 million Indigenous people have low standards of health, which are associated with poverty, malnutrition, overcrowding, poor hygiene, environmental contamination, and prevalent infections as mentioned in this paper.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Bacteremia among Children Admitted to a Rural Hospital in Kenya
James A. Berkley,Brett Lowe,Isaiah Mwangi,Thomas N. Williams,Evasius Bauni,Saleem Mwarumba,Caroline Ngetsa,Mary P. E. Slack,Sally Njenga,C. Anthony Hart,Kathryn Maitland,Mike English,Kevin Marsh,J. Anthony G. Scott +13 more
TL;DR: Community-acquired bacteremia is a major cause of death among children at a rural sub-Saharan district hospital in Kenya, a finding that highlights the need for prevention and for overcoming the political and financial barriers to widespread use of existing vaccines for bacterial diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Invasive group A streptococcal infections in Ontario, Canada
TL;DR: The elderly and those with underlying medical conditions are at greatest risk for invasive group A streptococcal disease, toxic shock, and necrotizing fasciitis.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Changing Epidemiology of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections and the Emergence of Streptococcal Toxic Shock-like Syndrome: A Retrospective Population-Based Study
Charles W. Hoge,Benjamin Schwartz,Deborah F. Talkington,Robert F. Breiman,Elizabeth M. MacNeill,Steven J. Englender +5 more
TL;DR: Significant changes occurred in the spectrum of invasive group A streptococcal infections in Pima County, Arizona, between 1985 and 1990, and Native Americans were at increased risk of acquiring these infections.
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