Book ChapterDOI
The Natural History of Invertebrate Visual Pigments
Timothy H. Goldsmith
- pp 685-719
TLDR
Most of the knowledge of photoreception in the invertebrates has been derived from those species with a well developed visual apparatus, and in two phyla, conspicuous image-forming eyes have evolved.Abstract:
The invertebrates comprise a large and diverse array of animals. In lower forms responses to light are frequently marked but are mediated by relatively simple eyes (ocelli) or anatomically unspecialized receptors in the dermis or nervous system. In two phyla, however, conspicuous image-forming eyes have evolved. For obvious reasons, most of our knowledge of photoreception in the invertebrates has been derived from those species with a well developed visual apparatus.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Drosophila ninaE gene encodes an opsin.
Joseph E. O'Tousa,Wolfgang Baehr,Richard L. Martin,Jay Hirsh,William L. Pak,Meredithe L. Applebury +5 more
TL;DR: The Drosophila and vertebrate opsin genes are derived from a common ancestor; there is strong conservation of the retinal binding site and two other regions and the predicted protein secondary structure strikingly resembles that of mammalian opsins.
Book ChapterDOI
Spectral Sensitivity and Color Vision in Invertebrates
TL;DR: In this paper, the wavelength difference of light emitted from light sources or reflected from objects is investigated. And the spectral composition of light is based upon the fact that light coming directly from light source, e.g., the sun, sky, and moon, is characterized by its relatively high content of short wavelength (450nm) (Figs. 1).
Book ChapterDOI
Pseudopupils of Compound Eyes
TL;DR: The aims of this chapter are to show that pseudopupil phenomena provide a direct and deep insight into compound-eye structure and function, and also to indicate possible paths for future research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bleached pigment activates transduction in isolated rods of the salamander retina.
M C Cornwall,Gordon L. Fain +1 more
TL;DR: The effectiveness of bleached pigment in activating transduction is only 10(‐6) to 10 (‐7) times that of activated rhodopsin (Rh*), but this is sufficient after large bleaches to produce an ‘equivalent background’ excitation of the rod, which is probably responsible for bleaching desensitization.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Energy, quanta, and vision
TL;DR: The results clarify the nature of the fluctuations shown by an organism in response to a stimulus, and show that at the threshold it is the stimulus which is variable, and that the properties of its variation determine the fluctuations found between response and stimulus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Light and Life
TL;DR: A physicist whose studies are limited to the properties of inanimate bodies, it is not without hesitation that I have accepted the kind invitation to address this assembly of scientific men met together to forward our knowledge of the beneficial effects of light in the cure of diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tautomeric Forms of Metarhodopsin
TL;DR: The present experiments show that metarhodopsin exists in two tautomeric forms, metar Rhodopsins I and II, with λmax 478 and 380 mµ, which has been confused earlier with the final mixture of all-trans retinal and opsin, which it resembles in spectrum.