Journal ArticleDOI
The role of host sex in parasite dynamics: field experiments on the yellow‐necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis
TLDR
It is found that reducing parasites in males caused a consistent reduction of parasitic intensity in females, estimated through faecal egg counts, but the removal of parasites in females had no significant influence on the parasites in Males.Abstract:
We investigated the role of host sex in parasite transmission and questioned: ‘Is host sex important in influencing the dynamics of infection in free living animal populations?’ We experimentally reduced the helminth community of either males or females in a yellownecked mice (Apodemus flavicollis) population using an anthelmintic, in replicated trapping areas, and subsequently monitored the prevalence and intensity of macroparasites in the untreated sex. We focussed on the dominant parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus and found that reducing parasites in males caused a consistent reduction of parasitic intensity in females, estimated through faecal egg counts, but the removal of parasites in females had no significant influence on the parasites in males. This finding suggests that males are responsible for driving the parasite infection in the host population and females may play a relatively trivial role. The possible mechanisms promoting such patterns are discussed.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Disease ecology meets ecological immunology: understanding the links between organismal immunity and infection dynamics in natural populations
Dana M. Hawley,Sonia Altizer +1 more
TL;DR: The growing conceptual interface between ecological immunology and disease ecology should advance understanding of life-history theory, host-pathogen dynamics, and physiological ecology, and will also contribute to targeted approaches for wildlife health and zoonotic disease prevention.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacterial pathogens in wild birds: a review of the frequency and effects of infection.
TL;DR: An overview of the main bacterial pathogens isolated from birds (with particular emphasis on enteropathogenic bacteria) which have the potential to cause disease in both birds and humans is provided, whilst drawing attention to the limitations of traditional detection methods and possible study biases.
Journal ArticleDOI
From superspreaders to disease hotspots: linking transmission across hosts and space.
Sara H. Paull,Se Jin Song,Katherine M McClure,Katherine M McClure,Loren C. Sackett,A. Marm Kilpatrick,Pieter T. J. Johnson +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that host and spatial heterogeneity are closely linked and that quantitatively assessing the contribution of infectious individuals, species, or environmental patches to overall transmission can aid management strategies and highlight emerging frontiers in this area of study.
Book
Functional and Evolutionary Ecology of Fleas: A Model for Ecological Parasitology
TL;DR: This book provides an in-depth case study of a host—parasite system, demonstrating how fleas can be used as a model taxon for testing ecological and evolutionary hypotheses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Co-infection alters population dynamics of infectious disease
TL;DR: Jointly, the results confirm the predictions made by theoretical and experimental studies for the potential of co-infection to alter disease dynamics across a large host–pathogen metapopulation.
References
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Book
Infectious Diseases of Humans: Dynamics and Control
Roy M. Anderson,Robert M. May +1 more
TL;DR: This book discusses the biology of host-microparasite associations, dynamics of acquired immunity heterogeneity within the human community indirectly transmitted helminths, and the ecology and genetics of hosts and parasites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Infectious diseases of humans: R. M. Anderson & R. M. May. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press, 1991. viii + 757 pp. Price £50. ISBN 0-19-854599-1
Book
Statistical Computing: An Introduction to Data Analysis using S-Plus
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a set of statistical models in S Plus, including the normal distribution, the central tendency, and the variance component analysis, as well as several other types of models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical Computing: An Introduction to Data Analysis Using S-PLUS
TL;DR: In this article, an Introduction to Data Analysis Using S-PLUS is presented. But the authors do not discuss the use of statistical computing for data analysis in the context of data mining.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heterogeneities in the transmission of infectious agents: implications for the design of control programs.
Mark E. J. Woolhouse,Christopher Dye,J.-F. Etard,Thomas J. Smith,J.D. Charlwood,G. P. Garnett,Paul Hagan,J. L. K. Hii,Patricia D. Ndhlovu,Rupert J. Quinnell,Charlotte Watts,S. K. Chandiwana,Roy M. Anderson +12 more
TL;DR: From an analysis of the distributions of measures of transmission rates among hosts, an empirical relationship is identified suggesting that, typically, 20% of the host population contributes at least 80%" of the net transmission potential, as measured by the basic reproduction number, R0.
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