Journal ArticleDOI
The Skin Cancer Prevention Study: design of a clinical trial of beta-carotene among persons at high risk for nonmelanoma skin cancer.
E R Greenberg,John A. Baron,Marguerite Stevens,Therese A. Stukel,Jack S. Mandel,Steven K. Spencer,P M Elias,Lowe N,Nierenberg Dn,Bayrd G +9 more
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TLDR
A secondary goal of the study is to determine whether beta-carotene decreases the average number of new skin cancers per patient per year, and there are no established statistical methods for analysis of data in this situation.About:
This article is published in Controlled Clinical Trials.The article was published on 1989-06-01. It has received 27 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Skin cancer & Clinical trial.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide the best available information on the effect of anti-oxidants on mortality in patients with various diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and stroke.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Clinical Trial of Beta Carotene to Prevent Basal-Cell and Squamous-Cell Cancers of the Skin
E R Greenberg,John A. Baron,Therese A. Stukel,Marguerite Stevens,Jack S. Mandel,Steven K. Spencer,P M Elias,Lowe N,David W. Nierenberg,Bayrd G +9 more
TL;DR: Treatment with beta carotene does not reduce the occurrence of new skin cancers over a five-year period of treatment and observation and there was no significant difference between treated and control groups in the mean number of new nonmelanoma skin cancers per patient-year.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases
TL;DR: Primary and secondary prevention randomised clinical trials on antioxidant supplements versus placebo or no intervention found no significant difference in the estimated intervention effect in the primary prevention and the secondary prevention trials, and meta-regression analysis found the risk of bias and type of antioxidant supplement were the only significant predictors of intertrial heterogeneity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Risk of subsequent basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin among patients with prior skin cancer. Skin Cancer Prevention Study Group.
Margaret R. Karagas,Therese A. Stukel,E R Greenberg,John A. Baron,Leila A. Mott,Robert S. Stern +5 more
TL;DR: Persons with a prior nonmelanoma skin cancer had a substantial 5-year risk of developing another tumor of the same histologic type and number of previous skin cancers, solar damage, and skin sensitivity to sun exposure were particularly related to this risk.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mortality associated with low plasma concentration of beta carotene and the effect of oral supplementation
E R Greenberg,John A. Baron,Margaret R. Karagas,Therese A. Stukel,David W. Nierenberg,Marguerite Stevens,Jack S. Mandel,Robert W. Haile +7 more
TL;DR: These analyses provide no support for a strong effect of supplemental beta carotene in reducing mortality from cardiovascular disease or other causes, and the possibility exists that betaCarotene supplementation produces benefits that are too small or too delayed to have been detected in this study.
References
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Book
The Causes of Cancer: Quantitative Estimates of Avoidable Risks of Cancer in the United States Today
Richard Doll,Richard Peto +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence that the various common types of cancer are largely avoidable diseases is reviewed, and it is suggested that, apart from cancer of the respiratory tract, the types of cancers that are currently common are not peculiarly modern diseases and are likely to depend chiefly on some long-established factor.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prooxidant states and tumor promotion.
TL;DR: Prooxidant states can be caused by different classes of agents, including hyperbaric oxygen, radiation, xenobiotic metabolites and Fenton-type reagents, modulators of the cytochrome P-450 electron-transport chain, peroxisome proliferators, inhibitors of the antioxidant defense, and membrane-active agents.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beta-carotene: an unusual type of lipid antioxidant
G. W. Burton,Keith U. Ingold +1 more
TL;DR: New experiments in vitro show that beta-carotene belongs to a previously unknown class of biological antioxidants, and exhibits good radical-trapping antioxidant behavior only at partial pressures of oxygen significantly less than 150 torr, the pressure of oxygen in normal air.
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Can dietary beta-carotene materially reduce human cancer rates?
TL;DR: If dietary β-carotene is truly protective—which could be tested by controlled trials—there are a number of theoretical mechanisms whereby it might act, some of which do not directly involve its ‘provitamin A’ activity.
Prevention of chemical carcinogenesis by vitamin A and its synthetic analogs (retinoids).
TL;DR: An approach to chemoprevention of common forms of epithelial cancer, during the period of preneoplasia, is described and the potential future usefulness of this approach to cancer prevention in man will depend on further synthetic modification of the retinoid molecule.