Journal ArticleDOI
The use of environmental chloride and tritium to estimate total recharge to an unconfined aquifer
GB Allison,MW Hughes +1 more
TLDR
In this article, a portion of the Gambier plain underlain by an unconfined aquifer with readily definable hydrologic boundaries has been divided into a number of areas within which soil types have similar hydrological properties, and mean annual recharge has been estimated for each area using both the tritium concentration and the chloride concentration of water within the soil profile.Abstract:
A portion of the Gambier Plain underlain by an unconfined aquifer with readily definable hydrologic boundaries has been divided into a number of areas within which soil types have similar hydrologic properties. Mean annual recharge has been estimated for each area using both the tritium concentration and the chloride concentration of water within the soil profile. Good agreement was obtained between the two methods with local recharge varying between 50 and 250 mm year-1. Total mean annual recharge for the area has been estimated to be 2.4 ± 0.3 x 108 m3 year-1, and this compares favourably with an estimated discharge of 2.5 ± 0.3 x 108 m3 year-1.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Use of a modified chloride mass balance technique to assess the factors that influence groundwater recharge rates in a semi-arid agricultural region in China
TL;DR: In this paper, a modified chloride mass balance method was used to estimate the vertical infiltration of water through typical soil profiles at two study sites in the region: the Horqin Left Middle Banner (KZ) site and the Kailu County (KL) site.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimating groundwater recharge based on mass balance evaluation of unsaturated zone in a coastal catchment characterized by tropical rainforest weather conditions
TL;DR: In this article, a study of natural salts (i.e., chloride and sulfate) was conducted to estimate groundwater recharge rates in the north Kelantan catchment of Malaysia.
Desert Playa Wetlands: Ecological Controls of their Functioning and Responses to Climate Change
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a control over CONCENTRATION and DEPTH DISTRIBUTION of SOIL ORGANIC CARBON and NITROGEN in DESERT Playas.
OtherDOI
Infiltration and recharge at Sand Hollow, an upland bedrock basin in southwestern Utah: Chapter I in Ground-water recharge in the arid and semiarid southwestern United States (Professional Paper 1703)
Abstract: Permeable bedrock aquifers in arid regions of the southwestern United States are being used increasingly as a source of water for rapidly growing populations, yet in many areas little is known about recharge processes and amounts available for sustainable development. Environmental tracers were used in this study to investigate infiltration and recharge to the Navajo Sandstone at Sand Hollow in the eastern Mojave Desert of southwestern Utah. Average annual precipitation is about 210 millimeters per year. Tracers included bromide, chloride, deuterium, oxygen-18, and tritium. The basin-wide average recharge rate, based on ground-water chloride mass balance, is about 8 millimeters per year, or 4 percent of precipitation. However, infiltration and recharge are highly variable spatially within Sand Hollow. Recharge primarily occurs both as focused infiltration of runoff from areas of outcropping bedrock and as direct infiltration beneath coarse surficial soils. Locations with higher rates generally have lower vadose-zone and groundwater chloride concentrations, smaller vadose-zone oxygen-18 evaporative shifts, and higher ground-water tritium concentrations. Infiltration rates estimated from vadose-zone tritium concentrations at borehole sites within Sand Hollow range from 1 to more than 57 millimeters per year; rates calculated from average vadose-zone chloride concentrations between land surface and the bottom of the chloride bulge range from 0 to 9 millimeters per year; rates calculated from average vadose-zone chloride concentrations below the chloride bulge range from 0.5 to 15 millimeters per year; and rates calculated from ground-water chloride concentrations range from 3 to 60 millimeters per year. A two-end-member deuterium-mixing model indicates that about 85 percent of ground-water recharge in Sand Hollow occurs in the 50 percent of the basin covered by coarser soils and bedrock. Vadose-zone chloride concentrations at individual boreholes represent as much as 12,000 years of accumulation, whereas vadose-zone tritium has only been accumulating during the past 50 years. Environmental tracers at Sand Hollow indicate the possibility of a cyclical recharge 1 Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (solomon@earth.utah.edu). pattern from higher infiltration rates earlier in the Holocene to lower rates later in the Holocene, back again to higher infiltration rates during the past 50 years.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Photometric determination of chlorides in water.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chloride concentration in groundwater, recharge rate and rate of deposition of chloride in the Israel Coastal Plain
Erik Eriksson,Vachi Khunakasem +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a study of the possibility of using chloride concentrations in groundwater for estimating recharge rates is described, the application being demonstrated on available data from the Coastal Plain Aquifer in Israel.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chloride balance of some farmed and forested catchments in southwestern Australia
A. J. Peck,D. H. Hurle +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimate that removal of forest vegetation from forested catchments has increased groundwater discharge of whole catchments by amounts ranging from about 1 to 13 cm3/cm2yr, and the characteristic times for equilibrium of chloride input and loss on farmed catchments are estimated to range from 30 to 400 years.
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Chloride concentration in groundwater, recharge rate and rate of deposition of chloride in the Israel Coastal Plain
Erik Eriksson,Vachi Khunakasem +1 more