The vertical horopter is not adaptable, but it may be adaptive.
TLDR
It is showed that the horopter is not adaptive for long viewing distances because at such distances uncrossed disparities between corresponding points cannot be stimulated, and the vertical horopter seems to be adaptive for perceiving convex, slanted surfaces at short distances.Abstract:
Depth estimates from disparity are most precise when the visual input stimulates corresponding retinal points or points close to them. Corresponding points have uncrossed disparities in the upper visual field and crossed disparities in the lower visual field. Due to these disparities, the vertical part of the horopter--the positions in space that stimulate corresponding points--is pitched top-back. Many have suggested that this pitch is advantageous for discriminating depth in the natural environment, particularly relative to the ground. We asked whether the vertical horopter is adaptive (suited for perception of the ground) and adaptable (changeable by experience). Experiment 1 measured the disparities between corresponding points in 28 observers. We confirmed that the horopter is pitched. However, it is also typically convex making it ill-suited for depth perception relative to the ground. Experiment 2 tracked locations of corresponding points while observers wore lenses for 7 days that distorted binocular disparities. We observed no change in the horopter, suggesting that it is not adaptable. We also showed that the horopter is not adaptive for long viewing distances because at such distances uncrossed disparities between corresponding points cannot be stimulated. The vertical horopter seems to be adaptive for perceiving convex, slanted surfaces at short distances.read more
Citations
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How visual fatigue and discomfort impact 3D-TV quality of experience: a comprehensive review of technological, psychophysical, and psychological factors
TL;DR: A comprehensive review on visual fatigue and discomfort induced by the visualization of 3D stereoscopic contents, in the light of physiological and psychological processes enabling depth perception is proposed.
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Stereopsis is adaptive for the natural environment.
TL;DR: The visual system allocates its limited computational resources for stereoscopic vision in a manner that exploits regularities in the binocular input from the natural environment, and the natural distribution of disparities is matched to the smaller range of correspondence search.
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Binocular Eye Movements are Adapted to the Natural Environment
Agostino Gibaldi,Martin S. Banks +1 more
TL;DR: This is the first study to show quantitatively that binocular eye movements conform to 3D scene statistics, thereby enabling efficient processing and providing greater insight into the neural mechanisms underlying the planning and execution of saccadic eye movements.
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Mice Discriminate Stereoscopic Surfaces Without Fixating in Depth.
TL;DR: It is proposed that mice use a distinct strategy of stereopsis compared with primates by using a broad range of disparities to encode depth over a large field of view and to compensate for nonstereoscopic changes in vergence angle that arise during natural behavior.
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The natural statistics of blur.
William W. Sprague,Emily A. Cooper,Sylvain Reissier,Baladitya Yellapragada,Martin S. Banks,Martin S. Banks +5 more
TL;DR: The natural statistics of defocus blur across the visual field are measured and it is found that eye shape in ground-dwelling animals conforms to that required to put likely distances in best focus and that perceptible blur is rare.
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