The worldwide trend to high participation higher education: dynamics of social stratification in inclusive systems
TLDR
This article explored the intersection between stratified social backgrounds and the stratifying structures in high participation systems (HPS), including public/private distinctions in schooling and higher education, different fields of study, binary systems and tiered hierarchies of institutions, the vertical "stretching" of stratification in competitive HPS, and the unequalising effects of tuition.Abstract:
Worldwide participation in higher education now includes one-third of the age cohort and is growing at an unprecedented rate. The tendency to rapid growth, leading towards high participation systems (HPS), has spread to most middle-income and some low-income countries. Though expansion of higher education requires threshold development of the state and the middle class, it is primarily powered not by economic growth but by the ambitions of families to advance or maintain social position. However, expansion is mostly not accompanied by more equal social access to elite institutions. The quality of mass higher education is often problematic. Societies vary in the extent of upward social mobility from low-socio-economic-status backgrounds. The paper explores the intersection between stratified social backgrounds and the stratifying structures in HPS. These differentiating structures include public/private distinctions in schooling and higher education, different fields of study, binary systems and tiered hierarchies of institutions, the vertical ‘stretching’ of stratification in competitive HPS, and the unequalising effects of tuition. Larger social inequalities set limits on what education can achieve. Countries with high mobility sustain a consensus about social equality, and value rigorous and autonomous systems of learning, assessment and selection in education.read more
Citations
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Social limits to growth
TL;DR: One in a while, every twenty years perhaps, a book appears that makes one see a whole area of human experience in a new light as mentioned in this paper, and the new insights are sp obvious that one cannot understand how one could have missed them before.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stratification in Higher Education: A Comparative Study
TL;DR: The authors of as mentioned in this paper argue that segregation is the essential synthesis of what we need to know to move this issue forward and that in the long run it does not pay to discriminate.
Journal ArticleDOI
High Participation Systems of Higher Education
TL;DR: The tendency to high participation systems (HPS) is common to countries that vary widely in rates of economic growth, education system structures, and financing arrangements, but share the tendency to urbanization as discussed by the authors.
References
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Book
Development as Freedom
TL;DR: In this paper, Amartya Sen quotes the eighteenth century poet William Cowper on freedom: Freedom has a thousand charms to show, That slaves howe'er contented, never know.
Posted Content
About Capital in the Twenty-First Century
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present three key facts about income and wealth inequality in the long run emerging from my book, Capital in the Twenty-First Century, and seek to sharpen and refocus the discussion about those trends.
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Capital in the Twenty-First Century
TL;DR: Piketty's Capital in the Twenty-First Century as mentioned in this paper is an intellectual tour de force, a triumph of economic history over the theoretical, mathematical modeling that has come to dominate the economics profession in recent years.
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Social limits to growth
TL;DR: Scitovsky as discussed by the authors discusses a duality in the growth potential of the United States economy and discusses the role of commercialization bias in economic output, and the importance of moral re-entry.
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