Journal ArticleDOI
Toxicological aspects of cyclamate and cyclohexylamine.
TLDR
This review of the published and unpublished literature on cyclamate attempts to evaluate the carcinogenicity question and other important aspects of the toxicity of cyclamate and cyclohexylamine, including their effects on various organ systems, their genotoxic potential, and their effect on reproduction.Abstract:
In the late 1960s the artificial sweetener cyclamate was implicated as a bladder carcinogen in rats. This finding and other concerns about its safety ultimately led to a ban on cyclamate in the U.S. and restrictions on its use in many other countries. Since that time, the carcinogenic potential of cyclamate and cyclohexylamine, its principal metabolite, has been reevaluated in a group of well-controlled, well-designed bioassays that have failed to substantiate the earlier findings. This review of the published and unpublished literature on cyclamate attempts to evaluate the carcinogenicity question and other important aspects of the toxicity of cyclamate and cyclohexylamine, including their effects on various organ systems, their genotoxic potential, and their effects on reproduction. In addition, the physiological disposition of cyclamate is reviewed, with particular attention directed toward the site and extent of its conversion to cyclohexylamine.read more
Citations
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Chemical transformation of xenobiotics by the human gut microbiota
TL;DR: These studies, which combine traditional methods with modern approaches, illustrate how a molecular understanding of gut microbial xenobiotic metabolism can guide hypothesis-driven research into the roles these reactions play in both microbiota and host biology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Artificial sweeteners – a review
TL;DR: Now a days sugar free food are very much popular because of their less calorie content, so food industry uses various artificial sweeteners which are low in calorie content instead of high calorie sugar.
Journal ArticleDOI
Low-calorie Sweeteners and Other Sugar Substitutes: A Review of the Safety Issues
TL;DR: In the United States, only five low-calorie sweeteners (acesulfame K, aspartame, neotame, saccharin, and sucralose) are FDA-approved for use in foods in United States.
Journal ArticleDOI
Position of the American Dietetic Association: use of nutritive and nonnutritive sweeteners.
Valerie B. Duffy,Anderson Gh +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Artificial sweeteners—do they bear a carcinogenic risk?
M. R. Weihrauch,Volker Diehl +1 more
TL;DR: According to the current literature, the possible risk of artificial sweeteners to induce cancer seems to be negligible and epidemiological studies in humans did not find the bladder cancer-inducing effects of saccharin and cyclamate that had been reported from animal studies in rats.
References
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Andrew J. Wyrobek,W R Bruce +1 more
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Bacteria and ætiology of cancer of large bowel
Michael J. Hill,B. S. Drasar,Gabrielle Hawksworth,Vivienne C. Aries,J. S. Crowther,R.E.O. Williams +5 more
TL;DR: Faeces from people in the " Western " countries contained higher concentrations of steroids than those from the African and Eastern countries, and the steroids were also more degraded, consonant with the thesis that the intestinal bacteria may be aetiologically related to cancer of the colon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of chemical mutagens by the dominant lethal assay in the mouse.
TL;DR: A total of 174 test agents, including pharmaceuticals, food additives, pesticides and organic extracts of air and water pollutants, was tested for mutagenicity in mice using the modified dominant lethal assay, with results determined by increased early fetal deaths per pregnancy and, in some instances, also indirectly by reduction in total implants per pregnancy.