Journal ArticleDOI
Transport protocols for Internet-compatible satellite networks
Thomas Henderson,Randy H. Katz +1 more
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TLDR
This work addresses the question of how well end-to-end transport connections perform in a satellite environment composed of one or more satellites in geostationary orbit (GEO) or low-altitude Earth orbit (LEO), in which the connection may traverse a portion of the wired Internet.Abstract:
We address the question of how well end-to-end transport connections perform in a satellite environment composed of one or more satellites in geostationary orbit (GEO) or low-altitude Earth orbit (LEO), in which the connection may traverse a portion of the wired Internet. We first summarize the various ways in which latency and asymmetry can impair the performance of the Internet's transmission control protocol (TCP), and discuss extensions to standard TCP that alleviate some of these performance problems. Through analysis, simulation, and experiments, we quantify the performance of state-of-the-art TCP implementations in a satellite environment. A key part of the experimental method is the use of traffic models empirically derived from Internet traffic traces. We identify those TCP implementations that can be expected to perform reasonably well, and those that can suffer serious performance degradation. An important result is that, even with the best satellite-optimized TCP implementations, moderate levels of congestion in the wide-area Internet can seriously degrade performance for satellite connections. For scenarios in which TCP performance is poor, we investigate the potential improvement of using a satellite gateway, proxy, or Web cache to "split" transport connections in a manner transparent to end users. Finally, we describe a new transport protocol for use internally within a satellite network or as part of a split connection. This protocol, which we call the satellite transport protocol (STP), is optimized for challenging network impairments such as high latency, asymmetry, and high error rates. Among its chief benefits are up to an order of magnitude reduction in the bandwidth used in the reverse path, as compared to standard TCP, when conducting large file transfers. This is a particularly important attribute for the kind of asymmetric connectivity likely to dominate satellite-based Internet access.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TCP Convergence Layer-Based Operation of DTN for Long-Delay Cislunar Communications
TL;DR: An experimental evaluation of Transmission Control Protocol Convergence Layer (TCPCL)-based operation of DTN-2 for long-delay cislunar communications, partially in comparison with Licklider Transmission Protocol (LTP)-based LTP/User Datagram Protocol (UDP).
Journal ArticleDOI
Security, Internet connectivity and aircraft data networks
N. Thanthry,M.S. Ali,Ravi Pendse +2 more
TL;DR: The scope of this research is to determine the viability and need of a security mechanism, and the performance of different security architectures are focused on to determine their usability in the framework of an ADN.
Tcp veno: end-to-end congestion control over heterogeneous networks
Chengpeng Fu,Liew Soung Chang +1 more
Book ChapterDOI
TCP Performance over Satellite Channels
Thomas Henderson,Randy H. Katz +1 more
TL;DR: This report explores research problems that have arisen from the attempt to use GEO satellites to provide Internet access, and explores the performance benefits of splitting a TCP connection at a protocol gateway within the satellite network, and finds that such an approach can allow the performance of the satellite connection to approach that of a non-satellite connection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Which transmission mechanism is best for space Internet: window-based, rate-based, or a hybrid of the two?
TL;DR: The study reveals that the traffic-shaping mechanism of a rate-based transmission mechanism is more effective than the bursty flow of window-based mechanisms in error-prone space environments with a long link delay.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance
Sally Floyd,Van Jacobson +1 more
TL;DR: Red gateways are designed to accompany a transport-layer congestion control protocol such as TCP and have no bias against bursty traffic and avoids the global synchronization of many connections decreasing their window at the same time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Congestion avoidance and control
TL;DR: The measurements and the reports of beta testers suggest that the final product is fairly good at dealing with congested conditions on the Internet, and an algorithm recently developed by Phil Karn of Bell Communications Research is described in a soon-to-be-published RFC.
Proceedings Article
Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1
Roy T. Fielding,James Gettys,Jeffrey C. Mogul,H. Frystyk,Larry Masinter,Paul J. Leach,Tim Berners-Lee +6 more
TL;DR: The Hypertext Transfer Protocol is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems, which can be used for many tasks beyond its use for hypertext through extension of its request methods, error codes and headers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fair end-to-end window-based congestion control
Jeonghoon Mo,Jean Walrand +1 more
TL;DR: The existence of fair end-to-end window-based congestion control protocols for packet-switched networks with first come-first served routers is demonstrated using a Lyapunov function.