Journal ArticleDOI
Transport protocols for Internet-compatible satellite networks
Thomas Henderson,Randy H. Katz +1 more
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TLDR
This work addresses the question of how well end-to-end transport connections perform in a satellite environment composed of one or more satellites in geostationary orbit (GEO) or low-altitude Earth orbit (LEO), in which the connection may traverse a portion of the wired Internet.Abstract:
We address the question of how well end-to-end transport connections perform in a satellite environment composed of one or more satellites in geostationary orbit (GEO) or low-altitude Earth orbit (LEO), in which the connection may traverse a portion of the wired Internet. We first summarize the various ways in which latency and asymmetry can impair the performance of the Internet's transmission control protocol (TCP), and discuss extensions to standard TCP that alleviate some of these performance problems. Through analysis, simulation, and experiments, we quantify the performance of state-of-the-art TCP implementations in a satellite environment. A key part of the experimental method is the use of traffic models empirically derived from Internet traffic traces. We identify those TCP implementations that can be expected to perform reasonably well, and those that can suffer serious performance degradation. An important result is that, even with the best satellite-optimized TCP implementations, moderate levels of congestion in the wide-area Internet can seriously degrade performance for satellite connections. For scenarios in which TCP performance is poor, we investigate the potential improvement of using a satellite gateway, proxy, or Web cache to "split" transport connections in a manner transparent to end users. Finally, we describe a new transport protocol for use internally within a satellite network or as part of a split connection. This protocol, which we call the satellite transport protocol (STP), is optimized for challenging network impairments such as high latency, asymmetry, and high error rates. Among its chief benefits are up to an order of magnitude reduction in the bandwidth used in the reverse path, as compared to standard TCP, when conducting large file transfers. This is a particularly important attribute for the kind of asymmetric connectivity likely to dominate satellite-based Internet access.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the effective evaluation of TCP
Mark Allman,Aaron D. Falk +1 more
TL;DR: This paper makes recommendations as to how TCP testing can be structured to provide useful answers and attempts to list some of questions and make recommendations about how the protocol should be evaluated.
Patent
System and method for a negative acknowledgement-based transmission control protocol
TL;DR: In this paper, a system and method for transmitting data in a data communications network, using a transmission control protocol, to provide reduced acknowledgment control traffic, error recovery and congestion control is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Communication Technologies and Architectures for Space Network and Interplanetary Internet
TL;DR: This paper discusses the Interplanetary Internet and Delay Tolerant Networking concepts along with the various space networks that are currently deployed and identifies the significant areas of space network design and operation that still require extensive research and development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bandwidth tradeoff between TCP and link-level FEC
Chadi Barakat,Eitan Altman +1 more
TL;DR: By analysis and simulations, this paper shows how TCP performance varies as a function of the amount of FEC, and studies in detail this bandwidth tradeoff between TCP and FEC.
Journal ArticleDOI
TP-planet: a reliable transport protocol for interplanetary Internet
TL;DR: TP-Planet replaces the inefficient slow start algorithm with a novel Initial State algorithm, which allows the capture of link resources in a very fast and controlled manner, and decouples congestion decisions from single packet losses in order to avoid the erroneous congestion decisions due to high link errors.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance
Sally Floyd,Van Jacobson +1 more
TL;DR: Red gateways are designed to accompany a transport-layer congestion control protocol such as TCP and have no bias against bursty traffic and avoids the global synchronization of many connections decreasing their window at the same time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Congestion avoidance and control
TL;DR: The measurements and the reports of beta testers suggest that the final product is fairly good at dealing with congested conditions on the Internet, and an algorithm recently developed by Phil Karn of Bell Communications Research is described in a soon-to-be-published RFC.
Proceedings Article
Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1
Roy T. Fielding,James Gettys,Jeffrey C. Mogul,H. Frystyk,Larry Masinter,Paul J. Leach,Tim Berners-Lee +6 more
TL;DR: The Hypertext Transfer Protocol is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems, which can be used for many tasks beyond its use for hypertext through extension of its request methods, error codes and headers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fair end-to-end window-based congestion control
Jeonghoon Mo,Jean Walrand +1 more
TL;DR: The existence of fair end-to-end window-based congestion control protocols for packet-switched networks with first come-first served routers is demonstrated using a Lyapunov function.