Journal ArticleDOI
Turbulence in and above Plant Canopies
and M R Raupach,A S Thom +1 more
About:
This article is published in Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics.The article was published on 1981-01-01. It has received 698 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Turbulence.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Turbulence in plant canopies
TL;DR: In this article, the mean velocity profile is inflected, second moments are strongly inhomogeneous with height, skewnesses are large, and second-moment budgets are far from local equilibrium.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling the Exchanges of Energy, Water, and Carbon Between Continents and the Atmosphere
Piers J. Sellers,Robert E. Dickinson,David A. Randall,Alan K. Betts,Forrest G. Hall,Joseph A. Berry,G. J. Collatz,A. S. Denning,Harold A. Mooney,Carlos A. Nobre,N. Sato,Christopher B. Field,Ann Henderson-Sellers +12 more
TL;DR: Modern schemes incorporate biogeochemical and ecological knowledge and, when coupled with advanced climate and ocean models, will be capable of modeling the biological and physical responses of the Earth system to global change, for example, increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Journal ArticleDOI
Turbulent flows over rough walls
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the experimental evidence on turbulent flows over rough walls and discuss some ideas on how rough walls can be modeled without the detailed computation of the flow around the roughness element.
Book ChapterDOI
Coherent eddies and turbulence in vegetation canopies: The mixing-layer analogy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the active turbulence and coherent motions near the top of a vegetation canopy are patterned on a plane mixing layer, because of instabilities associated with the characteristic strong inflection in the mean velocity profile.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecology of Kelp Communities
TL;DR: The giant kelp, Macrocystispyrifera, forms dense forests in many parts of the world including areas of the northeast Pacific, the southern shores of South America, many Southern Ocean islands, and isolated areas of South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand.
References
More filters
Book
A First Course in Turbulence
Henk Tennekes,John L. Lumley +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a reference record created on 2005-11-18, modified on 2016-08-08 and used for the analysis of turbulence and transport in the context of energie.
Journal ArticleDOI
Momentum absorption by vegetation
TL;DR: In this paper, measurements were made in a wind-tunnel of the drag on elements of a simply-structured artificial crop, and of the wind profiles above and within the crop.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Higher Order Closure Model for Canopy Flow
N. Robert Wilson,Roger H. Shaw +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a non-buoyant mathematical model of air flow within vegetative canopies, consisting of equations for mean horizontal momentum, Reynolds stress, and for the three components of turbulent kinetic energy with closure achieved by parameterizing the higher order terms.