Institution
Carnegie Institution for Science
Government•Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States•
About: Carnegie Institution for Science is a government organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Galaxy & Stars. The organization has 6357 authors who have published 19212 publications receiving 1490551 citations. The organization is also known as: Carnegie Institute & Carnegie Institution of Washington.
Topics: Galaxy, Stars, Star formation, Redshift, Planet
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: To their surprise, it was found that double-stranded RNA was substantially more effective at producing interference than was either strand individually, arguing against stochiometric interference with endogenous mRNA and suggesting that there could be a catalytic or amplification component in the interference process.
Abstract: Experimental introduction of RNA into cells can be used in certain biological systems to interfere with the function of an endogenous gene Such effects have been proposed to result from a simple antisense mechanism that depends on hybridization between the injected RNA and endogenous messenger RNA transcripts RNA interference has been used in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to manipulate gene expression Here we investigate the requirements for structure and delivery of the interfering RNA To our surprise, we found that double-stranded RNA was substantially more effective at producing interference than was either strand individually After injection into adult animals, purified single strands had at most a modest effect, whereas double-stranded mixtures caused potent and specific interference The effects of this interference were evident in both the injected animals and their progeny Only a few molecules of injected double-stranded RNA were required per affected cell, arguing against stochiometric interference with endogenous mRNA and suggesting that there could be a catalytic or amplification component in the interference process
15,374 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a model for the description of rational choice by organisms of limited computational ability is proposed, and the model is used to describe rational choice in organisms with limited computational abilities.
Abstract: : A model is proposed for the description of rational choice by organisms of limited computational ability.
13,457 citations
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TL;DR: A method is presented for the rapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA which is free of contaminants which interfere with complete digestion by restriction endonucleases, and which yields total cellular DNA.
Abstract: A method is presented for the rapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA (50,000 base pairs or more in length) which is free of contaminants which interfere with complete digestion by restriction endonucleases. The procedure yields total cellular DNA (i.e. nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrial DNA). The technique is ideal for the rapid isolation of small amounts of DNA from many different species and is also useful for large scale isolations.
10,481 citations
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University of Wisconsin-Madison1, University of Maryland, College Park2, Carnegie Institution for Science3, National Center for Atmospheric Research4, University of Alaska Fairbanks5, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution6, Stanford University7, University of Bristol8, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign9
TL;DR: Global croplands, pastures, plantations, and urban areas have expanded in recent decades, accompanied by large increases in energy, water, and fertilizer consumption, along with considerable losses of biodiversity.
Abstract: Land use has generally been considered a local environmental issue, but it is becoming a force of global importance. Worldwide changes to forests, farmlands, waterways, and air are being driven by the need to provide food, fiber, water, and shelter to more than six billion people. Global croplands, pastures, plantations, and urban areas have expanded in recent decades, accompanied by large increases in energy, water, and fertilizer consumption, along with considerable losses of biodiversity. Such changes in land use have enabled humans to appropriate an increasing share of the planet’s resources, but they also potentially undermine the capacity of ecosystems to sustain food production, maintain freshwater and forest resources, regulate climate and air quality, and ameliorate infectious diseases. We face the challenge of managing trade-offs between immediate human needs and maintaining the capacity of the biosphere to provide goods and services in the long term.
10,117 citations
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Donald G. York1, Jennifer Adelman2, John E. Anderson2, Scott F. Anderson3 +148 more•Institutions (29)
TL;DR: The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) as discussed by the authors provides the data to support detailed investigations of the distribution of luminous and non-luminous matter in the universe: a photometrically and astrometrically calibrated digital imaging survey of π sr above about Galactic latitude 30° in five broad optical bands to a depth of g' ~ 23 mag.
Abstract: The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) will provide the data to support detailed investigations of the distribution of luminous and nonluminous matter in the universe: a photometrically and astrometrically calibrated digital imaging survey of π sr above about Galactic latitude 30° in five broad optical bands to a depth of g' ~ 23 mag, and a spectroscopic survey of the approximately 106 brightest galaxies and 105 brightest quasars found in the photometric object catalog produced by the imaging survey. This paper summarizes the observational parameters and data products of the SDSS and serves as an introduction to extensive technical on-line documentation.
9,835 citations
Authors
Showing all 6398 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Timothy M. Heckman | 170 | 754 | 141237 |
Herbert A. Simon | 157 | 745 | 194597 |
Robert G. Roeder | 152 | 535 | 84893 |
Gerald M. Rubin | 152 | 382 | 115248 |
Ian Smail | 151 | 895 | 83777 |
Philippe Ciais | 149 | 965 | 114503 |
Peter Capak | 147 | 679 | 70483 |
Tasuku Honjo | 141 | 712 | 88428 |
Luis C. Ho | 136 | 1064 | 82352 |
Harold A. Mooney | 135 | 450 | 100404 |
Christopher B. Field | 133 | 408 | 88930 |
Jonathan S. Weissman | 132 | 357 | 91528 |
Mauro Giavalisco | 128 | 412 | 69967 |
Jordan Tucker | 128 | 1005 | 77093 |
Bernard Roizman | 128 | 703 | 57218 |