Validation and validity of diagnoses in the General Practice Research Database: a systematic review
TLDR
The range of methods used to validate diagnoses in the General Practice Research Database (GPRD) are investigated, to summarize findings and to assess the quality of these validations.Abstract:
AIMS To investigate the range of methods used to validate diagnoses in the General Practice Research Database (GPRD), to summarize findings and to assess the quality of these validations. METHODS A systematic literature review was performed by searching PubMed and Embase for publications using GPRD data published between 1987 and April 2008. Additional publications were identified from conference proceedings, back issues of relevant journals, bibliographies of retrieved publications and relevant websites. Publications that reported attempts to validate disease diagnoses recorded in the GPRD were included. RESULTS We identified 212 publications, often validating more than one diagnosis. In total, 357 validations investigating 183 different diagnoses met our inclusion criteria. Of these, 303 (85%) utilized data from outside the GPRD to validate diagnoses. The remainder utilized only data recorded in the database. The median proportion of cases with a confirmed diagnosis was 89% (range 24-100%). Details of validation methods and results were often incomplete. CONCLUSIONS A number of methods have been used to assess validity. Overall, estimates of validity were high. However, the quality of reporting of the validations was often inadequate to permit a clear interpretation. Not all methods provided a quantitative estimate of validity and most methods considered only the positive predictive value of a set of diagnostic codes in a highly selected group of cases. We make recommendations for methodology and reporting to strengthen further the use of the GPRD in research.read more
Citations
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Incidence of type 2 diabetes after bariatric surgery: population-based matched cohort study
Helen P Booth,Omar A. Khan,Toby Prevost,Toby Prevost,Marcus Reddy,Alexandru Dregan,Alexandru Dregan,Judith Charlton,Mark Ashworth,Caroline Rudisill,Peter Littlejohns,Martin Gulliford,Martin Gulliford +12 more
TL;DR: Bariatric surgery is associated with reduced incidence of clinical diabetes in obese participants without diabetes at baseline for up to 7 years after the procedure, and this estimate was robust after varying the comparison group in sensitivity analyses, excluding gestational diabetes, or allowing for competing mortality risk.
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Risk of acute appendicitis in and around pregnancy: a population-based cohort study from England.
TL;DR: Pregnant women are less likely to be diagnosed with acute appendicitis than nonpregnantWomen, with the lowest risk reported during the third trimester, compared with the time outside pregnancy.
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Incidence of Bladder Cancer in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Metformin or Sulfonylureas
Ronac Mamtani,Nick Pfanzelter,Kevin Haynes,Brian S. Finkelman,Xingmei Wang,Stephen M. Keefe,Naomi B. Haas,David J. Vaughn,James D. Lewis +8 more
TL;DR: Use of metformin is not associated with a decreased incidence of bladder cancer, and similar methods should be used to study other cancers that have previously been identified as potentially preventable with met formin.
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Electronic Health Records for Intervention Research: A Cluster Randomized Trial to Reduce Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Care (eCRT Study)
Martin Gulliford,Tjeerd van Staa,Tjeerd van Staa,Alexandru Dregan,Lisa McDermott,Gerard McCann,Mark Ashworth,Judith Charlton,Paul Little,Michael Moore,Lucy Yardley +10 more
TL;DR: Cluster randomized trials may be implemented efficiently in large samples from routine care settings by using primary care electronic health records and future studies should develop and test multicomponent methods for remotely delivered intervention.
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Androgen deprivation therapy and the risk of coronary heart disease and heart failure in patients with prostate cancer: a nested case-control study in UK primary care.
TL;DR: In men with prostate cancer, combination therapy with LHRH agonists and anti-androgens is associated with significant increases in the risk of CHD, AMI, incident HF and hospitalized HF, compared with non-use of these drugs.
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