Journal ArticleDOI
Young's modulus of lignin from a continuous indentation test
TLDR
The deformation of lignin in a continuous ball indentation test was almost entirely elastic up to a stress of 2.2 × 108 Pa (22 kg mm−2).Abstract:
The deformation of lignin in a continuous ball indentation test was almost entirely elastic up to a stress of 2.2 × 108 Pa (22 kg mm−2). The load versus depth of indentation curve of the lignin followed closely the classical Hertz equation thus enabling the Young's modulus of lignin to be calculated. From these results a stress-strain curve for lignin was drawn.read more
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The hierarchical structure and mechanics of plant materials
TL;DR: This study reviews the composition and microstructure of the cell wall as well as the cellular structure in three plant materials (wood, parenchyma and arborescent palm stems) to explain the wide range in mechanical properties in plants aswell as their remarkable mechanical efficiency.
Journal ArticleDOI
Micromechanical understanding of the cell-wall structure
TL;DR: It is argued that an orientation of all of the wood polymers in the direction of the cellulose microfibrils is most likely and the elastic longitudinal modulus of cellulose is well described by the value of 134 GPa dominating the longitudinal fibre properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
The hygroscopic behavior of plant fibers: a review
TL;DR: The understanding of these moisture absorption mechanisms as well as the influence of water on the final properties of these fibers and their composites is of great interest to get a better control of such new biomaterials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Young's modulus of hemicellulose as related to moisture content
TL;DR: The Young's modulus of hemicellulose extracted from Pinus radiata wood has been measured by an indentation method as discussed by the authors, and the results varied by almost three orders of magnitude.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development and experimental validation of a continuum micromechanics model for the elasticity of wood
TL;DR: In this article, a microelastic model for wood, based on a four-step homogenization scheme, was developed and validated, and the macroscopic stiffness values (of hardwood or softwood) predicted by the micromechanical model on the basis of tissue-independent (universal) phase stiffness properties of hemicellulose, amorphous cellulose, crystalline cellulose and lignin, and water were compared to corresponding experimentally determined tissue-specific stiffness values.
References
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Book
Theory of elasticity
TL;DR: The theory of the slipline field is used in this article to solve the problem of stable and non-stressed problems in plane strains in a plane-strain scenario.
Journal ArticleDOI
The longitudinal Young's modulus of Pinus radiata
TL;DR: In this paper, the variation of the longitudinal Young's modulus with mean cellulose microfibril angle of the wood substance of the earlywood of a softwood has been determined from small clear samples.
Journal ArticleDOI
Swelling of a fibre reinforced composite in which the matrix is water reactive
TL;DR: In this article, the swelling behavior of an elastic fiber reinforced composite consisting of an inert fibrous phase embedded in a water reactive matrix is described, and a concise relation for the shrinkage or swelling strain is derived in terms of moisture content, the volume proportions of the phases, the overall elastic constants of the composite, the elastic constant of the matrix, and the moisture content at which the reinforcing elements are stress free.
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