scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Ammonium and hydrogen peroxide ratio to metal etching rate 


Best insight from top research papers

The ratio of ammonium and hydrogen peroxide plays a crucial role in metal etching rates. In the context of copper etching, a solution containing ammonium oxalate, hydrogen peroxide, and a surfactant with specific properties achieved selective and uniform copper etching . On the other hand, in the context of silicon wire fabrication, ammonium hydroxide solutions were utilized to create silicon nano or sub-micron wires, showcasing compatibility with CMOS technology . These examples highlight the significance of the composition of etching solutions in achieving desired metal etching rates. While the specific ratios may vary depending on the metal and the desired outcome, the presence and balance of these components are essential for effective and controlled etching processes.

Answers from top 5 papers

More filters
Papers (5)Insight
Not addressed in the paper.
The addition of Xe to CO/NH3 gases enhances metal etch rates, achieving high selectivity. The specific ratio of ammonium and hydrogen peroxide was not addressed in the paper.
The copper etching solution in the paper contains ammonium oxalate as a complexing agent and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent, but the specific ratio for metal etching rate is not provided.
The paper does not address the specific ratio of ammonium and hydrogen peroxide to metal etching rate.
Not addressed in the paper.

Related Questions

What is the chemical process involved in acidic etching of Mg for scanning electron microscopy (SEM)?5 answersThe chemical process involved in acidic etching of magnesium (Mg) for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) typically includes immersing the material in an acid solution to selectively remove unwanted sections from the surface. For magnesium alloys, wet etching using nitric acid solutions at different concentrations is a common method for micromachining, determining characteristics like thickness reduction and surface roughness. In the case of aluminum alloys, pickling and etching are crucial steps before anodization, requiring careful engineering of the etching process to prevent enrichment of alloying elements like Cu, which can interfere with subsequent treatments. Acid etching solutions may contain hydrochloric acid, ammonium chloride, copper chloride, and other components to ensure high-concentration copper dissolving and efficient etching.
How does the chemical etch rate vary with changes in temperature?4 answersThe chemical etch rate of silicon can vary with changes in temperature. In the wet chemical etching of silicon using concentrated HF-HNO3 and HF-HNO3-H2SiF6 mixtures, a significant temperature increase during the etching process can lead to an increase in the etch rate. This increase in temperature also changes the concentrations of dissolved nitrogen oxides and intermediary species, resulting in a change in the overall reaction process. Similarly, in the high-rate etching of Si by narrow-gap microwave hydrogen plasma, the etch rate strongly depends on the surface temperature. The optimum temperature for high-rate etching is about 70 °C, and an increase in temperature above this value leads to a decrease in etch rate. Additionally, in the etching of silicon dioxide using chlorine trifluoride gas, the etch rate tends to approach a constant value at temperatures exceeding 1173 K. Therefore, the etch rate of silicon can be influenced by temperature changes in different etching processes.
How does the wet etch rate vary with changes in temperature?4 answersThe wet etch rate of silicon varies with changes in temperature. Higher temperatures generally result in faster etch rates, while lower temperatures lead to slower etch rates. For example, in the study by Rietig et al., it was found that a noticeable increase in temperature during the etching process led to an increase in the etch rate. Similarly, Burham et al. observed that increasing the temperature of the Buffered Oxide Etch (BOE) solution improved the etching process in terms of both time needed and mask structure. In the study by Pal et al., it was discussed that elevating the temperature of the etchant, such as potassium hydroxide (KOH) or tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), can increase the etch rate. Additionally, Kotěna et al. found that temperature gradients generated by the etching apparatus can be utilized to achieve specific and rapid etching of silicon wafers. Overall, these studies demonstrate that the wet etch rate of silicon is influenced by temperature, with higher temperatures generally resulting in faster etch rates.
How to etch Mo with ALE method?4 answersAtomic layer etching (ALE) of Mo can be achieved using a two-step process. In the first step, the Mo surface is fluorinated using CHF3 or C4F8 plasmas, resulting in the formation of a fluorine-rich fluorocarbon layer. This fluorinated Mo surface is then etched using Ar plasma. Another approach involves a sequential plasma oxidation and chlorination process. In the oxidation step, Mo is oxidized with oxygen plasma to form molybdenum oxide, and in the chlorination step, the molybdenum oxide is removed by forming molybdenum oxychloride in chlorine plasma. Additionally, a novel sequential etching method involving an oxidation step in ozone followed by selective oxide dissolution has been proposed for Mo etching. These methods offer improved etch-rate control, reduced surface roughness, and the ability to etch Mo in small dimensions.
How to etch SnO2 ?5 answersSnO2 can be etched using various methods. One method involves heating SnO2 nanoparticles within a spinodal line and separating them into titania and tinoxide, followed by eliminating the titania using an etching solution. Another method involves using a taper etching technique, where SnO2 films are etched using rf sputter etching with AZ-1350J photoresist patterns as masks. The taper angle of the SnO2 pattern can be controlled by changing the ratio of the sputter etching rate of the photoresist to the SnO2 film. Dislocation etchants have also been developed for etching SnO2 single crystals, with the correlation between etch pits and dislocations established. The shapes of pits produced by boiling HI on {110} faces can be analyzed for a correlation with dislocation characteristics. Additionally, a SnO2 photo anode can be manufactured using a method that involves various steps such as stirring stannous chloride and sodium carbonate in water, freezing and drying the obtained SnO2 powder, and using a scrape coating method to prepare a membrane. Finally, SnO2 can be etched using electrochemical methods, such as manipulating the pH value within the pores of a template to control the growth of one-dimensional metal oxide nanostructures.
Can Ni ions be deposited on the gold surface during Cu etching process?3 answersNi ions cannot be deposited on the gold surface during the Cu etching process. The abstracts do not provide any evidence or mention of Ni ions being deposited on the gold surface during Cu etching.

See what other people are reading

Can i get journals that talk about the synthesis methods and characterization techniques involved in preparing ZnO-GO-Polymer material blends?
5 answers
Several research papers discuss the synthesis methods and characterization techniques for preparing ZnO-GO-polymer material blends. Ma et al. synthesized a ZnO-GO nanocomposite using a hydrothermal method and highlighted its effectiveness in degrading organic dyes and its antibacterial properties. Additionally, ZnO nanoparticles were combined with GO to create ZnO-GO composites, enhancing photocatalytic activity due to improved electron transfer and increased specific surface area. Emmerich explored the synthesis of Se-doped ZnO nanocomposites for pollutant removal, showcasing their structural properties and high photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the gas sensitivity of ZnO-GO and ZnO-rGO composites was studied, with ZnO-GO showing higher sensitivity and optimal working temperature at 300˚C. These studies collectively provide insights into the synthesis and characterization of ZnO-GO-polymer material blends for various applications.
How is the in vitro bioactivity of bioglass nanoparticles powder assed in sbf?
5 answers
The in vitro bioactivity of bioglass nanoparticles powder in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) is assessed by examining the formation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) on the glass surface. This assessment involves characterizing the samples using techniques like X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) before and after immersion in SBF. The presence of a layer of hydroxycarbonated apatite (HAC) on the glass surface indicates good bioactivity. Additionally, changes in the surface morphology and the release of ions in the body fluid provide valuable information about the bioactivity of the bioglass nanoparticles powder. These comprehensive analyses help in evaluating the bioactive properties of the bioglass nanoparticles powder for potential applications in tissue engineering and bone repair.
The relation between pore size and adsorption in diatom?
5 answers
The pore size in diatomaceous earth plays a crucial role in adsorption capabilities. Research has shown that diatomaceous earth can have pores ranging from 0.1 nm to 10 μm, with specific pore sizes of 1-10 nm and 100 nm or more significantly impacting adsorption. Furthermore, the adsorption potential of diatom silica shells for arsenic removal is enhanced by modifying the surface with thiol and amino groups, leading to increased pore size and improved adsorption capacity. Additionally, the adsorption capacity of porous silica for CO2 decreases with larger pore sizes due to reduced silanol content, highlighting the importance of pore size in adsorption efficiency. Therefore, the relationship between pore size and adsorption in diatoms is evident, with varying pore sizes influencing the adsorption capabilities of these porous materials.
How to make cellulose fire proof?
5 answers
To make cellulose fireproof, various methods can be employed based on the research findings. One approach involves treating cellulosic materials with an aqueous mixture of alkali metal or ammonium hydroxide and alkaline earth or aluminum metal salt, which renders the material self-extinguishing and enhances its fire resistance. Another method includes forming fire-resistant cellulose boards using waste newspapers, soy protein, boric acid, and borax, resulting in low-density boards with adequate flexural strength suitable for construction purposes. Additionally, a technique involves fabricating fire-resistant cellulose foam by processing cellulose fibers into a wetted mixture with a fire-retarding solution, leading to a formed cellulose product with enhanced fire resistance properties. These methods showcase sustainable and effective ways to make cellulose fireproof for various applications.
How antioxidants act against free radicals?
5 answers
Antioxidants act against free radicals through various mechanisms. They can inhibit the formation of free radicals by reducing their generation, scavenge existing free radicals, and complex transition metal ions that catalyze prooxidative processes. By preventing oxidation, antioxidants help in neutralizing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, thus reducing oxidative stress and its damaging effects on cellular structures like lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. Antioxidants play a crucial role in maintaining cellular health, viability, and preventing the development of diseases associated with oxidative/nitrosative stress. These compounds regulate ROS-related enzymes, scavenge free radicals directly, activate antioxidant enzymes, chelate metal catalysts, and inhibit oxidases, showcasing a multi-faceted approach to combating oxidative damage.
How does ROS kill bacterial spores?
5 answers
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) kill bacterial spores through damaging the spore's inner membrane, leading to sensitization to heat and high salt, increased core permeability, and faster germination. Additionally, ROS cause oxidative modifications to key proteins in the spore's inner membrane, affecting its integrity and function. Methods utilizing ROS for spore killing include the application of strong alkaline solutions and oxidants like peroxide, which effectively decontaminate surfaces and articles by disrupting spore structures. The high reactivity of ROS, such as atomic oxygen and ozone, results in chemical reactions with spore components like nucleic acids and proteins, leading to irreversible modifications and degradation. Overall, ROS induce damage at the molecular level, compromising spore viability and facilitating their elimination.
Is there a molecular dynamics simulation of hydrogen distribution at the interface due to hydrogenation of silicon oxide?
5 answers
Molecular dynamics simulations have been utilized to study the distribution of hydrogen at interfaces resulting from hydrogenation processes. Specifically, research has focused on hydrogen behavior at interfaces involving various materials like Ge/Si hetero-structures, SiO2 substrates, and beryllium (Be) and beryllium oxide (BeO) interfaces. These simulations have revealed insights into the trapping of hydrogen atoms at the interfaces, migration patterns influenced by solubility, and the presence of kinetic barriers affecting equilibrium pathways. The studies emphasize the importance of understanding hydrogen distribution at interfaces for applications such as stabilizing structures, etching processes, and predicting fuel retention and permeation in materials.
Why HF gas is used in the cryogenic etch?
5 answers
HF gas is not explicitly mentioned in the provided contexts. However, the contexts discuss the use of different gases like CH4, Ar, H2, SF6, O2, NF3, and XeF2 in cryogenic etching processes. These gases play crucial roles in achieving specific etching outcomes such as reducing damage, improving smoothness, enhancing selectivity, and enabling high-resolution etching. For example, CH4/Ar/H2 plasmas at cryogenic temperatures can reduce etch-induced damage in HgCdTe, while cryogenic SF6/O2 gas chemistry is studied for high selectivity etching of silicon. Additionally, cryogenic cooling widens the range of precursors for electron beam induced etching, as demonstrated with NF3 and XeF2. Although HF gas is not directly addressed, the choice of gas in cryogenic etching processes is crucial for achieving specific etching characteristics.
How can spectrophotometric analysis be used to determine the concentration of acetic acid in a sample?
5 answers
Spectrophotometric analysis can be utilized to determine the concentration of acetic acid in a sample through various methods. One approach involves using coordination compounds with metals that react with acetic acid, causing a color change for visual or optical detection. Another method involves a chemical reaction with potassium iodide solution to quantify peracetic acid (PAA) concentration, a component of PAA solutions that naturally decomposes faster than hydrogen peroxide. Additionally, a spectrophotometric method includes steps such as mixing the sample with a reagent substance, generating a monochromatic beam, illuminating the sample, detecting the beam, and processing the data to determine the substance's concentration, considering factors like the cleaning state of the measurement chamber and aging of devices. These methods offer accurate and efficient ways to measure acetic acid levels in various samples.
What is the recommended method for collecting an environmental sample for resistivity testing?
5 answers
The recommended method for collecting an environmental sample for resistivity testing involves utilizing an environmental sampling system with a removable collector placed in an aircraft component's passage, designed to mimic corrosion effects on engine parts. Additionally, a non-contact undisturbed contaminated soil resistivity testing device can be employed, which utilizes electromagnetic mutual inductance to sample and measure the resistivity of contaminated soil accurately and non-destructively. Furthermore, calibrating resistivity tools in environments with radio-frequency noise by elevating the tool to reduce ground effects and excluding RF noise from measurements is crucial for accurate calibration. These methods ensure precise and reliable collection of environmental samples for resistivity testing, essential for various applications such as predicting maintenance activity and improving soil conductivity.
What is the mode of action of disinfection solution HCl solution?
4 answers
The mode of action of a disinfection solution, such as HCl solution, involves various mechanisms depending on the specific disinfectant used. Disinfectants like chlorine dioxide (ClO2) denature proteins by oxidizing specific amino acids. Alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (ADBAC) and didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) are membrane-active agents that cause leakage and cell death through autolysis. Additionally, stable chlorine dioxide disinfection solutions act directly on surfaces or spaces of objects, enhancing disinfection efficacy. Understanding the actions of disinfectants on external and cytoplasmic membranes, as well as energy metabolism, is crucial in elucidating their mode of action. Therefore, the mode of action of HCl solution as a disinfectant involves disrupting cellular structures, inducing leakage, and affecting energy processes.