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How is the fluctuating energy along the vibrational modes defined? 


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The fluctuating energy along the vibrational modes is defined as the dynamic variations in the energy levels of the vibrational modes over time. These fluctuations can be caused by various factors, such as the interactions with the surrounding environment or the inherent dynamics of the system itself. The study by Gulmen and Sibert introduces a modified Landau−Teller (FLT) theory approach to calculate the state-to-state vibrational energy relaxation rates in liquid methanol, which takes into account the dynamical vibrational energy level shifts . Another computational approach outlined by Fujisaki and Stock employs second-order time-dependent perturbation theory to describe the energy relaxation of high-frequency vibrational modes in a fluctuating heterogeneous environment, considering the fluctuations of the parameters in the Hamiltonian within the vibrational adiabatic approximation . The analysis by Maizelis et al. proposes a method based on the analysis of the time dependence of the complex amplitude of forced vibrations to separate frequency fluctuations of a vibrational mode from other sources of phase noise .

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The potential energy curves along the vibrational modes are expressed as power series, including up to the third power, and are defined in terms of the integration with respect to electronic coordinates.
The fluctuating energy along the vibrational modes is defined by the fluctuations of the parameters in the Hamiltonian within the vibrational adiabatic approximation.
The fluctuating energy along the vibrational modes is defined by the time dependence of the complex amplitude of forced vibrations.
The fluctuating energy along the vibrational modes is defined by the fluctuations of the parameters in the Hamiltonian within the vibrational adiabatic approximation.
The fluctuating energy along the vibrational modes is defined by the modified, fluctuating Landau-Teller (FLT) theory approach.

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