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How is Valence-Instrumentality-Expectancy Theory utilized in consumer behavior research? 


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Valence-Instrumentality-Expectancy Theory is applied in consumer behavior research to understand how anticipated emotions (AEs) influence purchase decisions based on valence and action/inaction outcomes. This theory integrates positive and negative AEs related to both purchase and nonpurchase scenarios, affecting decision-making processes . Additionally, the theory emphasizes the importance of considering emotions in consumer decision-making, as emotions of the same valence can have varying impacts on judgments and behaviors . By incorporating AEs into decision processes, marketers can enhance predictions of attitudes, behavioral intentions, and actual behavior for both hedonic and utilitarian products, improving the overall understanding of consumer behavior .

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Valence-Instrumentality-Expectancy Theory is surpassed by analyzing discrete emotions in firm-customer encounters, showing that specific emotions impact consumer judgment and behavior more effectively.
Valence-Instrumentality-Expectancy Theory is applied in consumer behavior research through the framework of anticipated emotions, considering positive/negative emotions and action/inaction in purchase decisions.
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The Valence-Instrumentality-Expectancy Theory is enhanced by integrating emotion dimensions, improving predictions of attitudes, intentions, and behavior in consumer decision making, as shown in the study.

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