What are the differences between astrocyte lysosomes and macrophage lysosomes?
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Astrocyte lysosomes and macrophage lysosomes have some differences. Astrocytes, a type of brain cell, have been shown to engulf dead cells but store, rather than degrade, the ingested material. This is due to the presence of actin-rings surrounding the phagosomes, which physically inhibit the fusion of phagosomes with lysosomes . Astrocytes also express high levels of Rab27a, a protein that reduces the acidity of lysosomes, in order to preserve antigens for presentation. Nox2, a protein that influences antigen processing, colocalizes with the ingested material in astrocytes . On the other hand, macrophages, a type of immune cell, have been found to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome through a mechanism involving the lysosome. The lysosome is involved in both the regulation of pro-IL-1β levels and its subsequent cleavage/release . These differences highlight the distinct roles of astrocyte and macrophage lysosomes in cellular processes.
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2 Citations | The provided paper does not mention the differences between astrocyte lysosomes and macrophage lysosomes. The paper is about astrocyte-shed extracellular vesicles promoting peripheral immune responses following brain injury. |
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