scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Answers from top 7 papers

More filters
Papers (7)Insight
The method can be used in practice for astronomical and other applications where field lens imaging on the cathode is required and where small cathodes are desirable.
Obtained results have great practical value for design of cathode-ray equipment.
This allows the implementation of almost every cathode material.
The principles described are quite general and may be applied to other cathode-ray tube and camera tube designs.
This method is useful for applications, such as field-emission lamps and x-ray tubes, which do not require nanofabricated cathode structures.
Moreover, experimental results indicate the possibility for further simplification of the cathode manufacture.
The superiority of this cathode increases when used in high resolution, high brightness electron guns where the electron extracting field is high at the cathode surface.

See what other people are reading

How to set up a microbial photoelectric system apparatus?
5 answers
What are the different mechanisms by which charge balance is maintained in microbial fuel cells during ion transfer?
5 answers
Charge balance in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is maintained through various mechanisms. One crucial mechanism is extracellular electron transfer (EET), where microorganisms transfer electrons to the anode, generating current. Another mechanism involves the use of redox mediators and nanomaterials to facilitate charge transfer from biomaterials to the electrodes, enhancing efficiency. Additionally, mathematical models have been developed to understand the impact of key parameters on biofilm composition and current generation, guiding the design and operation of MFCs. Furthermore, the use of conducting polymers for the immobilization of enzymes can enhance charge transfer efficiency in MFCs. These mechanisms collectively contribute to maintaining charge balance during ion transfer in microbial fuel cells.
How to prepare the cathode in all-solid-state batteries?
4 answers
To prepare the cathode in all-solid-state batteries, several approaches have been proposed in recent research. One method involves developing a composite cathode material consisting of active materials like LiFePO4, conductive agents such as Super P and KS-4 carbon materials, and lithium salt like LiTFSI. Another strategy includes constructing an integrated cathode/polymer electrolyte using dynamic supramolecular ionic conductive elastomers (DSICE) to enhance interfacial contact and charge transport. Additionally, the synthesis of high-energy cathodes like Na4MnCr(PO4)3 coated with carbon for sodium ion batteries has been explored, demonstrating excellent capacity retention and rate capability. Optimization of composite cathodes using solid sulfide electrolytes has also been investigated to improve cycling performance by adjusting various parameters like active material morphology and conductive additives. Lastly, interfacial modification with a nanoscale coating of Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 has shown promise in enhancing interfacial stability in ASSLBs.
What are the different use cases of sodium-ion batteries in energy storage system applications?
5 answers
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are gaining attention for various energy storage system applications. They are particularly promising for large-scale energy storage in renewable electricity sources and smart grids due to the abundance of sodium reserves. Aqueous sodium-ion batteries (ASIBs) are also emerging as practical options, offering high energy density and long lifespan, especially when utilizing innovative cathode designs. Additionally, SIBs are being explored as alternatives to lithium-ion batteries in grid energy storage, leveraging sodium's abundance and superior charge/discharge capabilities. Furthermore, the development of all-solid-state sodium-ion batteries is progressing rapidly, aiming to address concerns related to lithium's limited availability and environmental impact, with the added benefits of decreased flammability and increased energy density potential.
What is research subject?
5 answers
A research subject refers to the individual or entity under study in various fields of research. The term has evolved over time, with a shift towards using 'research participant' in biomedical research to emphasize active involvement rather than passive observation. The selection of research subjects is crucial for the success of a study, involving principles, types, numbers, and common mistakes in selection. In legal and criminal research, the research subject can encompass areas like judicial finance-credit examinations, parole conditions, and criminal legislation applications. Furthermore, in the realm of plasma sources and discharge studies, the research subject may involve unconventional methods like transition of glow discharge into arc discharge or arc initiation using laser radiation to enhance technological capabilities and quality of coatings.
What are the most concerned topics and challanges in the research on EOP or OZER electrode?
4 answers
The research on EOP (Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction) or OER (Oxygen Evolution Reaction) electrodes primarily focuses on enhancing electrochemical performance, biocompatibility, and stability. Challenges include the need for high-resolution, safe, and long-term stable nerve recording and stimulation electrodes, the dilemma of excluding oxygen penetration to cathodes in microbial electrosynthesis systems, inconsistent definitions and aggregation issues in emotion scholarship, and the impediment of the oxygen evolution reaction due to precious metal scarcity, leading to the exploration of non-noble transition-metal-based catalysts like nickel for efficient hydrogen production. Additionally, the development of nickel-based supercapacitor electrodes is gaining attention for energy storage due to their high capacitance, stability, cost-effectiveness, and non-toxic nature.
What is reserch?
5 answers
Research encompasses a wide range of scientific investigations and studies aimed at expanding knowledge in various fields. It involves systematic inquiry, experimentation, and analysis to address specific questions or problems. In the contexts provided, research is exemplified through diverse studies such as the simulation and optimization of electronic systems in klystrons, fermentation processes for apple juice and wine production, design methods for digital control units in accelerometers, analysis of surfaces formed by straight line movements for structural reinforcement, and digital predistortion methods for improving signal quality in Synthetic Aperture Radar systems. These examples showcase the breadth of research activities, from optimizing electronic components to enhancing signal processing techniques, all contributing to advancements in their respective fields.
How to calculate concentration of hydrgen from the mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen?
5 answers
To calculate the concentration of hydrogen in a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen, various methods can be employed based on different research findings. One approach involves measuring the temperature change resulting from a catalytic reaction in a gas mixture diluted with a known composition motive gas using a jet pump. Another method includes estimating the hydrogen and nitrogen concentrations in different volumes of a fuel cell system when it is shut down, allowing for the determination of hydrogen concentration in the mixture. Additionally, a method for estimating hydrogen concentrations in a fuel cell involves predicting the initial gas amount in the anode, calculating gas crossover between the anode and cathode, and estimating the current hydrogen amount in the anode based on these calculations.
Does conductivity increase or decrease with dissolved oxygen?
5 answers
Conductivity tends to increase with dissolved oxygen levels. Research indicates that in the presence of higher dissolved oxygen concentrations, such as 9 mg L−1, the conductivity of water increases due to the formation of dissolved ozone and hydrogen peroxide, leading to higher conductivity levels. Additionally, a study on the effect of dissolved oxygen on the oxidation reaction of anodes in microbial fuel cells found that the current output decreased by 7% with the impact of dissolved oxygen, suggesting a correlation between dissolved oxygen and conductivity changes. Furthermore, the corrosion behavior of X80 pipeline steel in simulated soil solutions showed that as the dissolved oxygen concentration decreased, the corrosion current density reduced significantly, indicating a decrease in conductivity with lower dissolved oxygen levels.
What are the desadventages of direct recycling for lithium ion batteries?
4 answers
Direct recycling of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) presents several disadvantages. Firstly, the inhomogeneity of harvested materials due to variable experiences during use can impact the consistency of recycled materials. Secondly, traditional methods like salt-water discharge for safe disassembly can lead to internal contamination and electrode corrosion. Additionally, while direct recycling is energy-efficient, challenges such as efficient separation, binder removal, and electrolyte recovery hinder its widespread adoption. Despite its promise in recovering valuable metals without extensive processing, direct recycling still faces technological hurdles that need to be addressed for industrial application.
What are the desadventages of hydrometallurgical process Libs recycling?
4 answers
The hydrometallurgical recycling method for Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) presents some disadvantages despite its advantages. One major drawback is the relatively complicated process involved in hydrometallurgical recycling, which can increase operational complexity and costs. Additionally, this method generates more wastewater compared to other recycling techniques, posing environmental concerns and requiring proper wastewater management. Impurities introduced during the recycling process, such as cations, anions, and neutral insoluble substances, can impact the quality of the recovered materials, affecting cathode properties like morphology and powder density. Furthermore, inorganic acids used in the leaching process lack selectivity for valuable metals, leading to the simultaneous leaching of metallic impurities into the solution, complicating subsequent purification steps.