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Why curie temperature low in BaTiO3 ceramics?

Temperature coefficient

Ferroelectricity

Leakage (electronics)

Piezoresponse force microscopy

Texture (cosmology)

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The Curie temperature in BaTiO3 ceramics can be low due to various reasons outlined in the provided research contexts. One reason is the need to shift the Curie temperature to ambient temperatures for specific applications, leading to the doping of BaTiO3 with elements like strontium to achieve this shift while maintaining desirable properties. Additionally, the synthesis of high-quality BaTiO3 films at low temperatures is crucial for large-scale integration with mainstream electronics, which can result in the growth of BaTiO3 with a Curie temperature as low as 310 °C. Furthermore, the presence of certain elements like Ga in BiFeO3-BaTiO3 ceramics can influence the Curie temperature, with Ga3+ replacing Fe3+ leading to a high Curie temperature of 497 °C in the BFGa0.06-BT ceramic.

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Journal Article•DOI Low-temperature sintering of BaTiO 3 positive temperature coefficient of resistivity (PTCR) ceramics Christian Teichmann, Jörg Töpfer - Show less +1 more 27 Aug 2018-Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 2 Citations	The Curie temperature is low in BaTiO3 ceramics due to donor–acceptor-codoping and Ti-excess, resulting in a large resistivity change of four orders of magnitude at the Curie temperature.
Journal Article•DOI Study on positive temperature coefficient of resistivity of co-doped BaTiO3 with Curie temperature in room temperature region AiMei Yu, Qiang Li, DeSong Fan, HongLiang Zhang - Show less +3 more 15 Mar 2019-Science China-technological Sciences 4 Citations	The Curie temperature in BaTiO3 ceramics is lowered by co-doping with strontium to shift it to room temperature, maintaining a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity.
Open access•Posted Content•DOI High Curie temperature BiFeO3-BaTiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics: Ga3+ doping and enhanced insulation properties Xiao-Yan Peng, Yu-Cheng Tang, Bo-Ping Zhang, Li-Feng Zhu, Bo-Wei Xun, Jing-Ru Yu - Show less +5 more 13 Oct 2021-Journal of Applied Physics 14 Citations	Curie temperature is low in BaTiO3 ceramics due to the presence of oxygen vacancies leading to high leakage current, hindering polarization and affecting the insulation properties.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Textured BiScO3-PbTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics with both high electromechanical coupling factor and high curie temperature Mingwen Wang, Shuai Yang, Jie Wu, Jinglei Li, Liao Qiao, Xue-Chun Liu, Xinya Feng, Chunchun Li, Fei Li - Show less +8 more 29 May 2023-Applied Physics Letters	Not addressed in the paper.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Low temperature growth of epitaxial ferroelectric BaTiO3 Yeong Jae Shin, Juan Jiang, Yichen Jia, Fred Walker, Chong H. Ahn - Show less +4 more 01 Apr 2021-APL Materials 5 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.

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