Showing papers on "Campesterol published in 1986"

Sterol composition and biosynthesis in sorghum: Importance to developmental regulation

Abstract: Sterol composition and biosynthesis have been examined in seeds, germinating seeds and blades from fally matured leaves ofSorghum bicolor in various stages of development'from seedlings (seven-day plants) to flowering (66-day) plants. The profile of the dominant free sterols of seeds was similar to that of leaf blades; both contained cholesterol, 24α-methylcholesterol (campesterol), 24β-methylcholesterol (dihydrobrassicasterol), 24α-ethylcholesterol (sitosterol) and 24α-ethylcholesta-5,22-dienol (stigmasterol). Sufficient sterol intermediates were identified in the plant to indicate separate post-cycloartenol pathways to sterolic end products. The total free sterol content of the seed (μg/seed) increased somewhat during the 20 hr germination period. However, as the plant developed (seven to 48 days), there was a logarithmic increase in the leaf blade sterol content (μg/leaf blade) which plateaued at the onset of floral differentiation (ca. day 41). Over the next 18 days (48 to 66 days-period of inflorescense development), the sterol content rapidly decreased. In the early stages of plant development, the leaf blade pentacyclic triterpenoid (PT) content was negligible. With the onset of floral differentiation, PT content increased logarithmically, reaching a plateau level that surpassed the sterol content as flowering progressed. These results imply that a critical mass of sterol is associated with sorghum for floral induction. Sterol loss from the leaves of the flowering plants presumably was compensated for by the diversion of 2,3-oxidosqualene (SO) from sterol synthesis to PT production. Additional feeding and trapping experiments with [2-(14)C]mevalonic acid, [2-(3)H]cycloartenol, [24-(3)H]lanosterol [4-(14)C]sitosterol and [4-(14)C]cholesterol fed to germinating seeds and leaves from flowering plants demonstrated that sorghum possessed a cycloartenolbased pathway; germinating seeds synthesized 24-alkylsterols but not cholesterol, although cholesterol was identified in both dry and germinating seeds by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS); and mature leaves synthesized cholesterol and 24α-alkylsterols but not 24β-methylcholesterol.

Changes in patterns of ecdysteroid secretion by the ring gland ofDrosophila in relation to the sterol composition of the diet

Abstract: Brain-ring glands fromDrosophila larvae reared on a defined diet containing campesterol (24-methyl-cholesterol) as the major sterol, secreted-in addition to ecdysone-a compound identified previously as a 24-methyl analogue, 20-deoxy-makisterone A. Using ergosterol or cholesterol as the sterol component of the diet, only ecdysone was detectable in cultures of brain-ring glands.

Remedy for constipation of man and animal

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide a remedy for constipation, good for health of intestines and the normal cacation, and containing phytosterol which is a vegetable sterol, or stigmasterol, brassicasterol, etc. which are constituent component of phytosterol, as the base. CONSTITUTION:The object remedy for constipation contains phytosterol, or stigmasterol, brassicasterol, campesterol or sitosterol which are constituent component of phytosterol, or their mixture, as the base. Phytosterol is a vegetable sterol existing abundantly in soybean, rapeseed, etc. It has been found that phytosterol is effective to soften the coprostasia, make the intestines healthy, and enable the normal cacation.

Ovaluratory agent and its preparation

Abstract: PURPOSE:Ethyl acetate is added to bran of adlay to extract its lipid fraction followed by gradient elution with n-hexane-ethyl acetate to give a phytosterol fatty acid ester active as an ovulratory free from side-effects in high yield. CONSTITUTION:A phytosterol fatty acid ester of the formula (R1 is residue of palmitic acid; R2 is methyl, ethyl) such as beta-cytosterol palmitate or campesterol plamitate is used as an active ingredient to give the objective ovulatory. The compound of the formula induces physiologically natural ovula tion without abnormality of sexual cycle. The compound of the formula is obtained by removing ethyl acetate form a mixture of lipid fraction adlay bran with ethyl acetate and another fraction aoluble in ethanol-ethyl acetate and subjecting the residue to silica-gel chromatography by gradient elution with n-hexane-ethyl acetate.

Serum plant sterols and their relation to cholesterol

Abstract: sitosterol and campesterol were measured in serum lipoproteins of 17 subjects from two families. The serum levels of the two phytosterols were closely correlated with each other (r = 0.974), less consistently with serum cholesterol(r = 0.489), and not at all with serum triglycerides. As compared to cholesterol, serum free and esterified phytosterols tended to be accumulated in HDL where the phytosterol/cholesterol ratios were almost 40% higher than in VLDL and LDL. The serum phytosterol concentrations, the phytosterol/cholesterol ratios, especially in VLDL and LDL, and the fractional absorption of cholesterol were higher in women than in men. The levels of the phytosterols in whole serum and in each lipoprotein were significantly correlated with the percentage absorption of dietary cholesterol but were independent of the amount of dietary cholesterol and plant sterols. Our findings suggest that, in general, serum levels of noncholesterol sterols are effectively determined by the absorption which in turn is proportionate to the fractional absorption of cholesterol. Am J C/in Nuir l986;43:92-97.