Showing papers on "Chebulinic acid published in 2013"

Anti-Diabetic Potential of Phenolic Compounds: A Review

Abstract: Starch is the main carbohydrate in human nutrition. Starch digestibility can vary from a rapid digestion to indigestibility. Therefore, postprandial glycaemic control in type 2 diabetics is of great interest in the context of worldwide health concerns. Although powerful synthetic inhibitors of starch digestive enzymes, such as acarbose, are available to control postprandial hyperglycemia, plant-based enzyme inhibitors are potentially safer. Natural enzyme inhibitors, such as wheat albumin, the Phaseolus vulgaris α-amylase inhibitor, and several phenolic compounds, have the potential to serve as a remedy against hyperglycemia-induced chronic diseases. The inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase is mediated by different phenolics found in varieties of raspberry. Maltase inhibitory activities of chebulagic acid and chebulinic acid from fruit of Terminalia chebula are comparable to that of acarbose. The Nepalese herb Pakhanbhed (Bergenia ciliata) phenolics, (-)-3-O-galloylepicatechin and (-)-3-O-galloylcate...

Isolation and characterization of antimicrobial compounds in plant extracts against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

Abstract: The number of fully active antibiotic options that treat nosocomial infections due to multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is extremely limited. Magnolia officinalis, Mahonia bealei, Rabdosia rubescens, Rosa rugosa, Rubus chingii, Scutellaria baicalensis, and Terminalia chebula plant extracts were previously shown to have growth inhibitory activity against a multidrug-resistant clinical strain of A. baumannii. In this study, the compounds responsible for their antimicrobial activity were identified by fractionating each plant extract using high performance liquid chromatography, and determining the antimicrobial activity of each fraction against A. baumannii. The chemical structures of the fractions inhibiting >40% of the bacterial growth were elucidated by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The six most active compounds were identified as: ellagic acid in Rosa rugosa; norwogonin in Scutellaria baicalensis; and chebulagic acid, chebulinic acid, corilagin, and terchebulin in Terminalia chebula. The most potent compound was identified as norwogonin with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 128 µg/mL, and minimum bactericidal concentration of 256 µg/mL against clinically relevant strains of A. baumannii. Combination studies of norwogonin with ten anti-Gram negative bacterial agents demonstrated that norwogonin did not enhance the antimicrobial activity of the synthetic antibiotics chosen for this study. In conclusion, of all identified antimicrobial compounds, norwogonin was the most potent against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains. Further studies are warranted to ascertain the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of norwogonin for infections due to multidrug-resistant A. baumannii.

Simultaneous Determination and Characterization of Tannins and Triterpene Saponins from the Fruits of Various Species of Terminalia and Phyllantus emblica Using a UHPLC-UV-MS Method: Application to Triphala

Abstract: Terminalia species are a rich source of tannins. Many preparations of these species are used in traditional medicine and have many different ethnobotanical applications. A simple UHPLC method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of such hydrolysable tannins and triterpene saponins from the fruit rinds of different species of Terminalia ( T. chebula, T. arjuna, T. bellirica ) and Phyllantus emblica . A separation by LC was achieved using a reversed-phase column and a water/acetonitrile mobile phase, both containing formic acid, using a gradient system and a temperature of 40 °C. Eight hydrolysable tannins (gallic acid, gallic acid methyl ester, corilagin, chebulagic acid, 1,2,3,6-tetra- O- galloyl- β -D-glucose, ellagic acid, chebulinic acid, and 1,2,3,4,6-penta- O- galloyl- β -D-glucose) and six triterpene saponins (arjunglucoside-I, arjunglucoside-III, chebuloside II, bellericoside, arjunetin, and arjunglucoside-II) could be separated within 20 minutes. The wavelength used for detection with the diode array detector was 254 and 275 nm for tannins and 205 nm for triterpene saponins. The method was validated for linearity, repeatability, limits of detection, and limits of quantification. The developed method is economical, fast, and especially suitable for quality control analysis of tannins and triterpene saponins in various plant samples and commercial products of Terminalia .

Hydrolysable Tannins and Related Compound having Cytotoxic Activity of Geranium Wilfordii Maxim

Abstract: In order to exhibit moderate cytotoxic activity toward the human tumor cell lines including A-549, SK- OV-3, HT-1080, K562 and S180, the cytotoxicity-directed fractionation of Me OH extract of Geranium wilfordii Maxim led to the isolation of three hydrolyzed tannins and a related compound, Gallic acid (I), 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-penta-O- galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (ll), chebulagic acid (Ⅲ) and chebulinic acid (IV), as active principles. They were shown to exhibit moderate cytotoxicity against cultured human tumor cell lines including A549, SK-OV-3, HT-1080, K562 and S180 in vitro.

Terminalia chebula compositions and method of extracting same

Abstract: An enriched hydrolyzable tannoid blend derived from Terminalia chebula is provided. An optimized aqueous extraction method for Terminalia chebula is provided to maximize the levels of bioactive hydrolyzable tannoids including chebulagic acid, chebulinic acid and other low molecular weight hydrolyzable tannoids. The method produces a Terminalia chebula extract containing a hydrolyzable tannoid blend as an amorphous dry powder. In an embodiment, the Terminalia chebula extract contains 8-25% by weight chebulagic acid, 15-30% chebulinic acid, and 5-45% low molecular weight hydrolyzable tannoids. Potential uses of said enriched hydrolyzable tannoid compositions for antioxidant activity in a human subject are described herein.

In - vitro anti - cancer studies of chebulinic acid on colon adenocarcinoma ht- 29 cell lines

Abstract: Objective: This paper aims that in-vitro anti-cancer activity of Chebulinic acid on Colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cancer cell lines. Methods: Cell lines were examined by using MTT cell growth inhibition assay. Results: The maximum percentage inhibition of cancer cell lines for Chebulinic acid was found to be 41.2% at a dose of 200µg/ml. Conclusion: within the work, It has been shown that the inhibition of cancer cell growth, contractile responses of cardiovascular muscles, antifungal, anti-bacterial activities etc. Hence Chebulinic acid can be used as a potent anti-cancer agent.

Polyphenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Terminalia chebula Retz. var. tomentella Kurt.

Abstract: Objective:To study polyphenolic compounds from fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz.var.tomentella Kurt.and their antioxidant activity.Methods:Macroporous resin(Toyopearl HW-40 and MCI gel CHP-20P) columns and preparative HPLC were used,compound structures were determined by MS,NMR,COSY and HMBC techniques.The antioxidant activities of the polyphenolic compounds were assayed based on the method of DPPH and ABTS,which can evaluate the antioxidant ability in vitro.Results:Nine compounds were isolated and identified as chebulinic acid(1),chebulagic acid(2),1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(3),1,3,6-triO-galloyl-β-D-glucose(4),gallic acid(5),terchebin(6),1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(7),methyl neochebulinate(8),neochebulinate(9).Conclusion:Compounds 4 and 8 were isolated for the frist time from the fruits of T.chebula.Compounds 3,4 and 5 have obvious antioxidant activity compared with control group.The antioxidant activity of crude extract was lower than single compounds.