Showing papers on "Electrode array published in 1986"

Method of making an electrode array

Abstract: A very small electrode array is disclosed, having numerous, small, sharp, conductive protuberances (needles) which penetrate nerves, organs, muscle or other body part for sensing the electrical activity therein or to provide electrical stimulation. The protuberances are carried on a base and there is included electrical conductors connecting the protuberances to terminals, such as bonding pads, for connection to other electrical circuits. Thus, a method of connecting to living tissue is disclosed. Also, a method of manufacture of an electrode array and associated circuitry is disclosed.

Capacitance-variation-sensitive touch sensing array system

Abstract: A capacitance-variation-sensitive touch sensing array system includes an array of electrodes where each electrode is a connected series of conductive tabs and forms either a row or a column of the electrode array; an array of drive lines where each drive line is capacitively coupled to a plurality of the electrodes; a drive signal generator for applying alternating signal packets to the drive lines; an array of sense lines where each sense line is capacitively coupled to a plurality of the electrodes so that signals are derived from the electrodes when drive signals are applied to the drive lines. The number of electrodes is equal to the product of the number of drive lines and the number of sense lines. Based on values derived from signals on the sense lines, a microprocessor provides information associated with touch by an operator. The array of electrodes may be configured so as to result in a touch-actuated keyboard where the number of keys is equal to the product of the number of row electrodes and the number of column electrodes; or the array of electrodes may be configured so that finger touch position in a single large touch responsive area can be sensed and processed for use in control applications.

Motion Artifact from Spot and Band Electrodes During Impedance Cardiography

Abstract: We have modified impedance cardiography for monitoring cardiac output during stress tests. Employing an off-line microcomputer, our instrument ensemble averaged impedance signals to minimize the effect of motion artifacts. We proposed a new four-spot electrode array and replaced the usual encircling band electrode array with it. We tested ten normal subjects and compared the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) from our spot electrode array to that from a typical band electrode array at rest and during four levels of exercise on a treadmill. The average of the sighal-to-noise ratios for ten subjects from our spot electrode array was 13.6-45.5 percent larger than that from the band electrode array at rest and during four levels of exercise. Thus, it is desirable to replace band electrodes with spot electrodes in impedance cardiography for exercising subjects.

Method and device for reproduction

Abstract: PURPOSE: To increase the capacity of reproduction and to reduce the cost thereof by using a semiconductor having an electric memory effect as one electrode and impressing the voltage which does not exceed the threshold voltage between said electrode and a probe electrode making a pair therewith thereby executing the reproduction of memory. CONSTITUTION: A recording medium 1 having a recording layer 101 consisting of chalcogenide glass is placed on an X-Y stage 114 and the voltage is impressed between the substrate electrode 103 and the probe electrode 102. Current is then monitored and the fine adjustment by fine adjustment control mechanism 107 is executed by adjusting the distance between the electrode 102 and the surface of the layer 101. The stage 114 is then moved at specified interval and the writing recording is executed by impressing the square pulse voltage above the threshold voltage between the electrodes. The reproduction of the recording is executed by impressing the voltage which does not exceed the threshold voltage between the electrode 102 and the electrode 103 and reading the change in the quantity of the current flowing in the electrode 102. the capacity of the reproduction is thereby increased and the cost thereof is reduced. COPYRIGHT: (C)1988,JPO&Japio

Thin film transistor, method of repairing the thin film transistor and displaying apparatus having the thin film transistor

Abstract: A thin film transistor is connected to a picture element displaying electrode formed on an insulating base plate so that a voltage is applied to the electrode. The thin film transistor comprises a gate electrode, one or more drain electrodes connected to the picture element displaying electrode and a source bus line which -applies a voltage to one or more source electrodes connected thereto, the source bus line functioning by itself as a source electrode, wherein the one drain electrode is formed between the source bus line and one of the one source electrode connected to the source bus line, or between the source electrodes adjacent to each other.

Electrical and magnetic pain treatment device

Abstract: Apparatus for alleviation of pain in a patient comprises a treatment head and a cabinet which houses driving and control circuitry for the treatment head. The treatment head has a central electrode and an outer electrode arranged concentrically with respect to the central electrode. The central electrode has a portion which extends inwardly and serves as a ferromagnetic core around which are wound two insulated coils. The driving and control circuitry produces pulses of electricity in one of the coils which produces magnetic field pulses having a force field which extends externally of the treatment head in the vicinity of the electrodes. These magnetic pulses induce in the other coil electric voltage pulses at the rise and fall of the magnetic pulses and these electric voltage pulses are conveyed to the electrodes. The combined magnetic and electric voltage pulses provides greater relief which lasts longer than either magnetic or electric fields applied alone.

Method for making an intracochlear electrode array

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making an intracochlear multielectrode array having a spiral configuration, at least generally conforming to the scala tympani of a cochlea. The array is formed in a two-part mold and comprises an elastomeric carrier supporting a plurality of metallic electrodes in fixed positions thereon. Each electrode has an associated lead to provide a plurality of leads and composite rib structure extending from a basal portion of the array to an apical portion thereof. Each electrode and associated lead is formed from a flattened metallic wire. The wire leads are stacked in the mold to permit the wires to flex in the direction of their spiral curvatures, facilitating insertion of the array into a cochlear, but to prevent transverse flexing thereof.

Liquid conductivity measuring circuit

Abstract: A liquid conductivity measuring circuit with power-save features is described for use with a four electrode conductivity cell having two potential electrodes and two current electrodes positioned in the cell in spaced relation in a particular sequence with a first operational amplifier having its output connected and its inputs connected via an isolating capacitor and a buffer amplifier and a voltage setting resistance to a source of square-wave voltage, a second operational amplifier having its inputs connected to ground and via an isolating capacitor and its output connected to a reference resistance such as to control the current through the reference resistor to maintain one electrode at a constant potential, readout means being adapted to measure, on initiation of a single or small number of square-wave voltage cycles in a period short enough that no significant change of polarization of the potential electrodes can occur, the voltage between the positive and the negative half cycles or the change from zero to either half cycle of the voltage across the resistor, the measurement being a function of the current through the reference resistor and conductivity cell and therefore a measure of the conductivity of the liquid in or passing through the cell.

Device and method of photoelectrically converting light into electrical signal

Abstract: A photoelectric transducer device controls a potential of a control electrode region of a semiconductor transistor through a capacitor to perform a storage operation for storing carriers generated upon light excitation of the control electrode region, a read operation for reading a signal from a main electrode region of the semiconductor transistor, the signal being controlled by a storage voltage generated by storage of the carriers, and a refresh operation for electrically neutralizing the carriers stored in the control electrode region. A semiconductor reigon having the same conductivity type as that of the main electrode region and having an impurity concentration lower than that of the main electrode region is formed in the control electrode region independently of the main electrode region. A photoelectric transducer device including a semiconductor region. Two main electrodes and a control electrode are formed between the main electrodes. A capacitor is provided for controlling a potential of the control electrode in a floating state. The photoelectric transducer device is adapted to control the potential of the control electrode in the floating state through the capacitor to store carriers generated by electromagnetic waves incident on the semiconductor region. Control means is provided for controlling the potential of the control electrode through the capacitor to electrically neutralize the carriers and means for injecting carriers into the control electrode immediately prior to electrical neutralization of the carriers by the control means is provided. '

Electrostatic adsorptive fluid filtering apparatus

Abstract: An electrostatic adsorptive fluid filtering apparatus wherein an adsorbent provided in a flow path of fluid to be treated has adsorption capacity as well as adsorption power substantially improved as a result of enhancement of a potential inherently carried by the adsorbent on its adsorptive hole surface by impressing a DC or DC/AC voltage onto a charging electrode provided with the adsorbent or by placing the adsorbent in an electric field. The apparatus includes an outer cylindrical electrode, a charging electrode within the outer cylindrical electrode, a central electrode, the adsorbent and a source of the electrical voltage connected to the outer cylindrical electrode, the charging electrode and the central electrode. The DC or DC/AC voltage is impressed across the outer cylindrical electrode and the charge electrode, on one side, with the voltage on the charging electrode and the outer cylindrical electrode being at the same potential while fluid under pressure is introduced through an inlet in the outer cylindrical electrode to a fluid receiving space defined by the outer cylindrical electrode and the charging electrode.

Active matrix liquid crystal display device and its manufacture

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain a liquid crystal display device for preventing a short circuit of a data signal electrode and a scanning signal electrode, and their disconnection, by providing the data signal electrode and the scanning signal electrode so that they do not cross each other on the same plane on a substrate. CONSTITUTION: A data signal electrode 19 is formed on the round surface of an insulator area 7, and allowed to conduct to a source electrode through a contact hole 14. The electrode 19 is the same metallic electrode as an electrode 16. Subsequently, a picture element electrode 18 is formed on the same surface as the polished surface of the area 7, and allowed to conduct to the electrode 16 through the contact hole 14. The electrode 18 is a transparent electrode which is formed by iridium tin, tin oxide, etc. In this way, the electrode 18 is formed on the surface of an element substrate 3, and also, on both sides of a device layer 1, the electrode 19 and a scanning signal electrode 20 are formed. COPYRIGHT: (C)1988,JPO&Japio

Electrostatic capacity type pressure distribution measuring instrument

Abstract: PURPOSE: To easily measure a load distribution on an object with high accuracy, by detecting a variation of an electrostatic capacity of an electrode by a variation of thickness of a spring material between orthogonal lattice-shaped electrodes. CONSTITUTION: One piece of plural electrode wires in the line direction of the first electrode plate is selected by a multiplexer 24, and excited by a high frequency generator 25. When the selected electrode wire 20 is excited, an AC electric field is formed in the vicinity of the electrode wire 20, and received by the electrode wire 20 which is opposed in a window which is not shown in the figure, among the electrode wires 20 in the row direction of the second electrode plate which is not shown in the figure either. Such a received voltage contains information of an electrostatic capacity of an electrode 10, which is varied in accordance with thickness of a spring material which is interposed in a measuring part between the first and the second electrode plates. A signal which has been received by the electrode wire 20 of the second electrode plate is detected 27, and a dielectric constant of the measuring part in the electrode 10 is calculated by a processor 5. All the electrode wires 20 of the first electrode plate are excited successively by switching the multiplexer 24, the dielectric constant of the measuring part in each electrode 10 is calculated, and from its dielectric constant, pressure working on the measuring part is specified. COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio

Shutter device for ion beam etching apparatus and such etching apparatus using same

Abstract: A shutter device for use in an etching apparatus using charged particles, which includes at least one sheet-like electrode having an aperture for passage of the charged particles; and a voltage source for selectively applying to the electrode an electric voltage so as to establish at the electrode an electric potential higher than that of the charged particles; wherein the passage of the charged particles through the aperture of said electrode is prevented when the electric potential which is higher than that of the charged particles is established at the electrode by the voltage application by the voltage source.

Electroluminescent element and method for connecting its terminals

Abstract: An electroluminescence element includes a light emission layer provided between a lower electrode and a transparent electrode for emitting light in response to a voltage applied between the electrodes. The lower electrode is formed with a cutout through which a part of the transparent electrode is exposed to facilitate provision of an anisotropic, conductive, heat-adhesive sheet in contact with both electrodes to electrically and physically connect lead terminals to the lower and transparent electrodes via the sheet for introduction of the voltage.

Charge-coupled device having a buffer electrode

Abstract: A series-parallel-series memory or other parallel-to-series CCD has charge-signals interlaced in alternate parallel channels 1a and 1b, and de-interlacing electrodes (19, 20, 21, 22) at the parallel-to-series transition. In order to avoid delay effects as a result of comb-shaped electrode configurations of the de-interlacing electrodes, and associated complex clock control, a narrow extra electrode (41) is provided between the de-interlacing electrodes and the series-output register (B). This electrode (41) may serve as a buffer electrode for each half row of information (from 1a or 1b) while the preceding half row (from 1b or 1a) is transported through the series output register.

Method and apparatus for regulating arc discharge furnace

Abstract: A method and apparatus for regulating an arc discharge furnace having a lining, a plurality of electrodes disposed above a bath of conductive material, an adjustable transformer for applying to each electrode a voltage which causes an arc current proportional to the applied transformer voltage to flow between the electrode and the bath, a device for varying the voltage applied by the transformer to each electrode, and a device for varying the vertical spacing between each electrode and the bath. Desired values for a maximum of two of the following parameters are selected: the voltage of the arc current produced by one electrode; the arc current produced by the one electrode; the power of the arc produced by the one electrode; a parameter which is proportional to the wear caused to the furnace lining by the arc produced by the one electrode; and a correcting variable for the voltage applied to the one electrode by the transformer. The voltage varying device and the electrode spacing varying device are each controlled on the basis of a selected parameter.

Method of interpreting impedance distribution of an earth formation obtained by a moving array using end emitting current electrodes sequentially activated and a series of potential electrodes

Abstract: The response characteristics of a combination of hole-centered electric logging tools in a variety of borehole conditions can be obtained by means of impedance values as entries of a matrix resulting from measurements over a series of depth increments, utilizing an array of M electrode assemblies of equal incremental spacing positioned on a rigid mandrel. While the array moves continuously along the borehole, currents are emitted independently and sequentially from first one and then the other of current electrodes located at the shallow and deep ends of the array, allowing the impedance matrix to be formed by the principle of linear superposition in terms of voltage and voltage difference measurements between adjacent electrodes. The impedance matrix is inverted and used to generate a set of tool responses, which when properly compared to a set of tool responses previously generated by computer simulation and addressable by sets of borehole parameters and calibration factors, allows the corresponding borehole conditions to be deduced from the measured data.

Gauge for measuring the conductance of a liquid present between two electrodes

Abstract: A liquid level gauge consists of two main cells comprising a measuring electrode, a compensation electrode and their respective counter electrodes Circuitry is provided to determine the conductance of the liquid in each cell Further circuitry is provided to calculate the quotient of the respective cell conductances, which is indicative of the liquid level The surface areas of the measuring and compensating electrodes are kept equal, but the distance between the measuring electrode and its counter electrode increases linearly, while the distance between the compensation electrode and its counter electrode is constant

Linear solar array voltage control system

Abstract: A voltage regulator for controlling the voltage of a bus powered by N solar cell arrays. Digital shunts are coupled to N-1 of the arrays. A linear shunt is coupled to the remaining array. Current passing through the remaining array is sensed by the linear shunt which, in response thereto, turns on and off various ones of the digital shunts to maintain the desired voltage on the bus.

Piezoelectric wave transmitter-receiver

Abstract: PURPOSE: To improve a directional characteristic in a wave transmitter and to improve an S/N in a wave receiver by forming a common electrode covering almost the entire surface on one side, a main electrode in the center on the other side and an auxiliary electrode on the periphery and impressing a voltage so that it can be high in the center and decrease gradually in the peripheral direction. CONSTITUTION: The common electrode 2 to cover the entire surface is formed on one surface of a disk-like piezoelectric rubber sheet 1. On the other surface the circular main electrode 3 is formed in the center, and the auxiliary electrodes 4 and 5 sequentially surrounding the electrode 3 not so as to touch the electrode 3 are formed. Conductive rubber or the like are used for the electrodes 2∼5. A DC voltage is impressed on the piezoelectric rubber sheet 1 between the common electrode 2 and the main electrodes 3∼5 so that the voltage can be maximum in the main electrode 3 and gradually decrease in the auxiliary electrodes 4 and 5 in that order. Thus the impressed voltage of the main electrode 3 becomes maximum, and each resistance 11 gradually reduces the voltage impressed on the auxiliary electrodes 4 and 5. COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio

Wide range oscillator

Abstract: A local oscillator is arranged in a Colpitts type configuration in which an amplifying device such as a bipolar transistor or field effect transistor having a control electrode (base or gate electrode) is coupled to a first electrode (emitter or source electrode) defining the end of a conduction channel through an oscillation conditioning network conditioning the device to oscillate in a given range and also to a frequency determining network including a first varactor diode responsive to the tuning voltage and an inductance element coupled in series between the control electrode and signal ground, and in which the output is taken at a second electrode (collector or drain) defining the other end of the conduction channel. A range extending circuit including a second varactor diode responsive to the tuning voltage is coupled between the control electrode and signal ground for ensuring that the oscillator operates reliably at both ends of the tuning range.

Method and apparatus for electrically charging or discharging

Abstract: A discharging device includes first and second electrodes sandwiching therebetween a dielectric member, wherein an alternating voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode to produce electric discharge adjacent to the second electrode. The relation between the alternating voltage and a distance between an end surface of the second electrode to a corresponding end of a region where the electric discharge occurs, is so determined that an intermediate saturation property is exhibited. The level of the alternating voltage is set to provide the intermediate saturation property. With such a discharging device, a member is electrically charged or discharged.

Powder charger and electrostatic powder deposition device

Abstract: PURPOSE: To perform electrostatic powder painting with high efficiency by intermittently impressing a DC voltage to a plasma generating electrode and supplying powder dispersed in a space where required polarity ions exist. CONSTITUTION: A required polarity plasma electrode 3 is a needle electrode having a small radius of curvature at the top end and is used as a low voltage side plasma electrode. A reverse polarity plasma electrode 4 is a needle electrode having a large radius of curvature at the top end and is used as a high- voltage side plasma electrode. Corona discharges of both polarities are intermittently generated and the plasma is formed when the high-voltage is intermittently impressed between the two electrodes 3 and 4 by a DC power source. The required polarity ion current 6 of the electrode 3 is extremely larger than the current 7 of the electrode 4 and if a dispersing gas 11a is ejected thereto from an ejection port 11, the powder is thoroughly agitated and dispersed and is charged in the space 13 where the required polarity ions exist. The electrostatic powder painting is thus executed with excellent deposition efficiency. COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio

Solid state image sensor having an anti-blooming isolation electrode

Abstract: An image sensor includes a layer of photosensitive amorphous silicon on one surface of which is a large area common electrode and on the opposite surface of which are an array of spaced discrete electrodes and an isolation electrode which intends in the spaces between the discrete electrodes but is spaced therefrom. In operation, the common electrode is maintained at a first d-c potential, the isolation electrode is maintained at a different second d-c potential and the discrete electrodes are switched in turn to the second potential and the current flowing therethrough is used.

Drive controller for recording head in ion flow generation type electrostatic recorder

Abstract: PURPOSE:To suppress fluctuation of image density due to fluctuation of changing potential, by splitting an electrostatic head into plural groups, and previously setting the drive condition such that predetermined ion flow can be obtained for each split group and carrying out slip driving according to said drive condition. CONSTITUTION:Under the condition where a LED array 180 is lighted and a photosensitive belt 2 is made conductive, specific voltages are applied onto a drive electrode 31 and a screen electrode 33 so as to apply negative D.C. voltage sequentially onto 12 groups of split units of a control electrode 32 from a control electrode power source 38 through a split drive circuit 186. Respective split electrodes control the voltage of the control electrode in the range of -1000--1500V such that 10muA current will flow through a resistor R, from the output from a voltage detection circuit 181, and that voltage is stored in a nonvolatile RAM as a setting voltage in following operation. Since split control of drive voltage is made by the entire writing head 5 such that constant ion flow is obtained, fluctuation of developing density due to the fixing accuracy of the writing head and the fluctuation of characteristic thereof in the longitudinal direction is suppressed.

Light emitting diode

Abstract: PURPOSE:To increase the back surface electrode area or to vary the electrode area by arranging many electrodes of different size of two or more types to form the back surface electrode or using the inverted pattern as the back surface electrode CONSTITUTION:A layer of the same type or a compound semiconductor layer of 3 elements such as GaAs1-xPx, GaAl1-xAsx is epitaxially grown on a substrate of GaP, GaAs, the prescribed electrode is formed on the front and back surfaces of a wafer formed with a P-N junction to form a light emitting diode At this time, the back surface electrode is formed by depositing large electrodes 1a, 1b with the first metal mask of the pitch of 135mum and hole diameter of 75mum, and again depositing with the second metal mask of the same pitch electrode array of 135mum and hole diameter of 30mum without superposed electrodes to form small electrodes 2a, 2b

Method and arrangement for controlling arc furnaces

Abstract: not available for EP0199936Abstract of corresponding document: US4683577A method and apparatus for regulating an arc discharge furnace having a lining, a plurality of electrodes disposed above a bath of conductive material, an adjustable transformer for applying to each electrode a voltage which causes an arc current proportional to the applied transformer voltage to flow between the electrode and the bath, a device for varying the voltage applied by the transformer to each electrode, and a device for varying the vertical spacing between each electrode and the bath. Desired values for a maximum of two of the following parameters are selected: the voltage of the arc current produced by one electrode; the arc current produced by the one electrode; the power of the arc produced by the one electrode; a parameter which is proportional to the wear caused to the furnace lining by the arc produced by the one electrode; and a correcting variable for the voltage applied to the one electrode by the transformer. The voltage varying device and the electrode spacing varying device are each controlled on the basis of a selected parameter.

Control circuit for an alternating type plasma display panel

Abstract: A control circuit is provided for an alternating type plasma display panel, comprising integrated circuits which are used for the first and second electrode arrays of the panel. In the first array, the integrated circuits participate in producing selective signals and transmit the reference voltage of the sustaining signals. In the second array, the integrated circuits participate in producing selective signals, and transmit the square wave voltage of the sustaining signals and their reference voltage is floating, that is to say that it follows the sustaining signals and, during production of the selective signals, it follows the lowest potential that is possible to apply to the electrodes. The integrated circuits are provided with logic circuits which receive a signal indicating whether the integrated circuit is used with the first or with the second electrode arrays, so that in the case of use with the first array the active electrodes are brought to the high level with respect to the non active electrode and in the case of use with the second array the non active electrodes are brought to the high level with respect to the active electrodes.