Showing papers on "Ethyl acrylate published in 1989"

Thermoplastic resin composition

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a thermoplastic resin composition improved in low- temperature impact resistance, moldability, appearance, etc., without detriment to the excellent properties of an aromatic carbonate resin, such as toughness, by mixing an aromatic carbonate resin with two specified copolymers each in a specified amount. CONSTITUTION:A thermoplastic resin composition is produced by mixing 100pts. wt. aromatic carbonate resin (A) (e.g., bisphenol A carbonate resin) with 5-35pts.wt. aromatic carbonate resin/(meth)acrylate resin block copolymer (B) and 5-35pts.wt. at least one copolymer (C) selected from an MBS resin and an acrylate graft copolymer (e.g., ethyl acrylate/butadiene/styrene graft copolymer). Component B is a copolymer based on a block copolymer formed by chemically bonding a segment of component A with a segment of a (meth) acrylate resin.

Inactivity of ethyl acrylate in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay.

Abstract: We report ethyl acrylate to be inactive as a micronucleus-inducing agent in the bone marrow of mice following its i.p. injection in either corn oil or water. These data contrast with a strong positive response in this assay reported earlier. This discrepancy is discussed.

Dielectric relaxations in poly(methyl acrylate), poly(ethyl acrylate), and poly(butyl acrylate)

Abstract: A comparative study is undertaken of the dielectric relaxation spectra of poly(methyl acrylate), poly(ethyl acrylate), and poly(butyl acrylate), taking into consideration the spectra of the corresponding polymers in the series of the polymethacrylates. The three polymers, PMA, PEA, and PBA, present an α relaxation zone clearly separated from the secondary relaxations. Its shape is not altered with temperature, and it is possible to construct a master curve. With increasing length of the side chain, its distribution of relaxation times broadens and the temperature of the maximum of the relaxation decreases. A β relaxation with decreasing intensity as the length of the side chain increases is clearly perceptible in PMA and PEA, but almost not perceptible at all in PBA. In PEA this relaxation appears split into two peaks. Computer simulation of restricted motions of the side chain discard an origin similar to that of the γ relaxation in PPA or PBA for the lowest temperature component of the relaxation, and suggests the conjunction of two rotation mechanisms in this relaxation for the polyacrylates. For the experimental temperatures of our tests a γ relaxation shows up only in PBA. Its apparent activation energy, higher than in related polymers of the polymethacrylate series, suggests that the tighter packing of monomeric units in polyacrylates leads to a significant increase in the intermolecular contribution to the potential energy barrier responsible for the relaxation.

Thermodynamic characterization of miscible blends from very similar polymers by inverse gas chromatography. The poly(ethyl acrylate)-poly(vinyl propionate) system

Abstract: Determination des parametres d'interaction dynamique du PEA(2) et du PVPr(3) avec eux-memes et avec differents solvants (1) (heptane, ethanol, benzene, toluene, propionate de methyle, acetone, acetate d'ethyle, butanone, chloroforme, dichloroethane-1,2, chlorobenzene a 60, 80, 100 et 120 o C. Determination des parametres χ* H et des parametres d'interaction d'echange X 1i /S 1 definis dans la theorie de Flory-Prigogine

Heat-laminatable, gas-barrier multi-layer films

Abstract: Improved heat-laminatable multi-layer film containing a polypropylene base layer, a heat-laminatable layer containing an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer and an ethylene/ethyl acrylate or ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer, one layer of the film being a gas barrier layer.

Immobilization of penicillin acylase on acrylic carriers

Abstract: Penicillin acylase obtained from E. Coli (E. C. 3.5.1.11) was covalently bound via glutaric aldehyde to acrylic carriers cross- linked with divinylbenzene or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. The best enzymatic preparation was obtained by using ethyl acrylate/ ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer. I cm 3 of the carrier bound 6.4 mg of protein, having 72% activity in relation to the native enzyme. The preparation lost only 10% of its initial activity after 100 d of storage at 4~ A negligible effect of immobilization on the enzyme activity at different temperatures or pH as well as significant increase of the stability of the immobilized enzyme at elevated temperatures were observed.

Interpenetrating polymer network from castor oil-based polyurethanes and poly(methyl acrylate). XIV

Abstract: Liquid prepolyurethanes were synthesized from castor oil and toluene-2, 4-diisocyanate (TDI) under different experimental conditions and varying NCO/OH ratios. All these prepolyurethanes were subsequently reacted with ethyl acrylate/ethylene glycol dimethacrylate mixtures by radical polymerization using benzoyl peroxide as initiator to obtain interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) by transfer molding. The novel polyurethane/poly(ethyl acrylate) IPNs are found to be tough films. These IPNs are characterized in terms of their resistance to chemical reagents, thermal behavior (DSC, TGA), mechanical behavior including tensile strength, Young's modulus, and elongation. The dielectric properties, namely electrical conductivity (σ), dielectric constant (e′), dielectric loss (e″), and loss tangent (tan δ) were computed. The mechanothermal behavior was analyzed by dynamic mechanical spectroscopy. The morphological behavior was studied by scanning electron microscopy.

Synthesis of γ‐amino[4‐11C]butyric acid (GABA)

Abstract: A one-pot synthesis of no-carrier added γ-amino[4-11C]butyric acid (GABA) starting with hydrogen [11C]cyanide prepared from [11C]carbon dioxide, is presented. Hydrogen [11C]cyanide was trapped in tetrahydrofuran/potassium hydroxide in the presence of the amino polyether Kryptofix 2.2.2. A Michael addition with ethyl acrylate followed by a selective reduction and hydrolysis of the resulting amino ester gave [4-11C]GABA. The radiochemical purity of GABA was higher than 99% and the decay corrected radiochemical yield was 60–65% based on the amount of H[11C]CN used. The total synthesis time including purification was around 40 min, counted from the start of the Michael addition reaction.

Batch and Continuous Emulsion Copolymerization of Ethyl Acrylate and Methacrylic Acid

Abstract: Emulsion copolymerization of a moderately water-soluble monomer (ethyl acrylate) with a completely water-soluble monomer (methacrylic acid) was initially examined in a batch reaction system. The reaction rates, copolymer composition, and physical properties of the latex product were characterized. Batch reactions were run with various monomer ratios. The latex stability was strongly dependent on both the temperature and the overall fractional conversion. Several continuous processes involving a tubular reactor and/or a continuous stirred-tank reactor were designed and utilized so as to produce a latex product with properties similar to the batch product.

Solvent-base self-adhesive resin and its preparation

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain the title resin which gives a coating film having excellent adhesiveness, weatherability, heat resistance, etc., and is suitable for, e.g., a self-adhesive tape, by combining two kinds of specified polymer block chains having different glass transition points. CONSTITUTION:An initiator having one or more dithiocarbamate groups of the formula (wherein R and R are each H or 1-10C alkyl) (e.g., n-butyl-N,N- dimethyldithiocarbamate) is used to polymerize a radical-polymerizable monovinyl monomer (e.g., ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate), thus forming a non-rigid polymer block chain B having a glass transition point of 0 deg.C or lower. This polymer is then used as an initiator for polymerization of a radical- polymerizable monovinyl monomer (e.g., acrylic acid or styrene) to form a rigid polymer block chain A having a glass transition point of 30 deg.C or higher, thus giving an objective solvent-base self-adhesive resin.

Studies on the polyblends of poly(vinyl chloride) with various methacrylate copolymers, physical and mechanical properties. I

Abstract: The effect of blending various methacrylate copolymers on the physical and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) has been investigated. Copolymers of methylmethacrylate with methylacrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate in 80:20 and 50:50 wit methylmethacrylate have been prepared and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Polyblends of PVC and such polyacrylates have been prepared in 80:20 ratio by melt blending technique and characterized by thermomechanical analysis to study the glass transition behavior vis-a-vis the compatibility of these blends. Mechanical properties of these blends revealed a substantial increase in impact strength particularly when long chain acrylate polymers like butyl acrylate and 2-ethyl hexyl acrylates are used; however, there is a decrease in the yield stress and initial modulus. A shift from brittle failure to ductility has been observed in blends of PVC on incorporation of these acrylate copolymers. Scanning electron microscopic studies have been carried out to support these observations.

New initiators for group transfer polymerization. Triphenylphosphonium‐containing ketene silyl acetals

Abstract: New initiators for group transfer polymerization (GTP), triphenylphosphonium-containing ketene silyl acetals, were synthesized by addition of triphenylphosphine and chlorotrimethylsilane to methyl acrylate or methyl methacrylate, respectively, giving 3-methyoxy-3-trimethylsiloxy-2-propenyltriphenylphosphonium chloride (4a) and its 2-methyl substituted derivative (4b), together with their corresponding oligomers (8). These phosphonium salts initiate GTP of ethyl acrylate using zinc halides as catalysts. The resulting polymers, containing a terminal triphenylphosphonium group, show a small polydispersity. In the presence of zinc halides, triphenylphosphine and chlorotrimethylsilane can be used directly to initiate GTP of acrylates and methacrylates. In this case triphenylphosphonium terminated polymers with a larger polydispersity are obtained.

Novel polycondensation catalyzed by a palladium complex. I: Polymer synthesis using the coupling reaction between aryl halide and acrylate

Abstract: A group of polymers which have cinnamoyl skeletones in the main chain were synthesized using a coupling reaction between aryl halide moieties and acrylate (or acrylamide) moieties in the presence of a palladium catalyst. 2-(p-Iodobenzoxy)ethyl acrylate was polymerized to give a polymer having cinnamate skeletone. The polycondensation of 1,4-diiodobenzene with ethylene diacrylate produced a polyester having vinylenephenylene-vinylene groups. Some other monomers were also studied for this novel polycondensation.

Foam insulating electric wire

Abstract: PURPOSE: To suppress deterioration in stretching of an insulating film as time passes by, and to reduce permittivity by providing the insulating film composed of a foaming body of a specified mixture. CONSTITUTION: There is provided a conductor, on which an insulating film is extrusively coated. The insulating film is formed out of a foaming body of a mixture of single polypropylene(PP) or block copolymer of polypropylene(PP) and low density polyethylene(PE), or that of polypropylene(PP) and ethylene propylene rubber(EPR), and ethylene ethyl acrylate(EEA) copolymer or ethylene vinyl acetate(EVA) copolymer. EEA and EVA are both effective if ethyl acrylate(EA) unit as indicated by a formula 1 and vinyl acetate(VA) unit as indicated by formula 2 are included, respectively. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO&Japio

Organotin polymers XIV. Synthesis and copolymerization reactions of p‐acryloyloxy‐tri‐n‐butyltin benzoate with some vinyl monomers

Abstract: p-Acryloyloxy-tri-n-butyltin benzoate (ABTB) was prepared by the reaction of p-hydroxy-tri-n-butyltin benzoate and acrylic acid in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The monomer reactivity ratios for the copolymerizations of ABTB (M1) with methyl acrylate (M2), ethyl acrylate (M2), n-butyl acrylate (M2), methyl methacrylate (M2), styrene (M2) and acrylonitrile (M2) have been found to be r1 = 0.080, r2 = 1.046; r1 = 0.039, r2 = 1.585; r1 = 0.019, r2 = 2.076; r1 = 0.150, r2 = 1.710; r1 = 0.113, r2 = 1.339 and r1 = 0.007, r2 = 2.853, respectively. The Q and e values for the prepared organotin monomer were calculated. Copolymerization reactions were carried out in solution at 70°C using 1 mol-% azobisisobutyronitrile. The structure of the ABTB monomer and the prepared copolymers was investigated by IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. p-Acryloyloxy-tri-n-butylzinnbenzoat (ABTB) wurde durch Reaktion von p-Hydroxy-tri-n-butylzinnbenzoat und Acrylsaure in Gegenwart von Dicyclohexylcarbodiimid hergestellt. Die Monomerreaktivitatsverhaltnisse fur die Copolymerisationen von ABTB (M1) mit Methylacrylat (M2), Ethylacrylat (M2), n-Butylacrylat (M2), Methylmethacrylat (M2), Styrol (M2) und Acrylnitril (M2) wurden entsprechend zu r1 = 0,080, r2 = 1,046; r1 = 0,039, r2 = 1,585; r1 = 0,019, r2 = 2,076; r1 = 0,150, r2 = 1,710; r1 = 0,113, r2 = 1,339 und r1 = 0,007, r2 = 2,853 bestimmt. Die Q- und e-Werte fur das zinnorganische Monomere wurden berechnet. Die Copolymerisationen wurden in Losung bei 70°C mit 1 mol-% Azobisisobutyronitril als Initiator durchgefuhrt. Die Struktur von ABTB und der hergestellten Copolymeren wurde durch IR-und 1H-NMR-Spektroskopie untersucht.

Cytochalasan synthesis: an alternative approach to cytochalasin H

Abstract: The oxo ester (8), from the thiazolium salt catalysed conjugate addition of (S)-citronellal to ethyl acrylate, has been used in a synthesis of the cytochalasa-1,18,21-trione (3). This reacts both regio- and stereo-selectively with methylmagnesium chloride to provide the cytochalasin H precursor (4).

Monomeric compostion and polymer therefrom

Abstract: Rubber vulcanizates having excellent oil resistance, heat resistance and cold resistance can be obtained from a rubbery copolymer which is a polymerization product of an acrylic monomer mixture of which the essential components are an organosiloxy-containing acrylate compound such as acryloxymethyl pentamethyl disiloxane and 3-acryloxypropyl pentamethyl disiloxane and an epoxy group- or halogen-containing monomer such as allyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl methacrylate and vinyl chloroacetate, optionally, with addition of an acrylate ester monomer such as ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate and 2-methoxyethyl acrylate.

Process for producing ethylenic graft copolymers

Abstract: To produce a graft copolymer there are blended, e.g. in an extruder, preferably at 100-280°C; (A) 1 to 90 parts by weight of an ethylene copolymer comprising, by wt, (a) 40 to 99.9% of ethylene units, (b) 0 to 60% of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester units, e.g. methyl or ethyl acrylate, and (c) 0.1 to 10% of maleic an­hydride units; (B) 0.1 to 10 moles of a metal (e.g. Mg) salt com­pound of a lactam, e.g. of e-caprolactam, per mole of unit (c) and; (C) 10 to 99 parts by weight of a lactam compound. Compound (B) can be prepared from a lactam and a metal compound in the process. In the product the ethylene is grafted at the maleic anhydride sites. The copolymer is easily molded to give articles having good physical properties.

Production of vulcanizable elastomer composition

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain the title composition excellent in properties in an ordinary state, low-temperature resistance and processability, by mixing a vulcanizable elastomer A with an elastomer B having a glass transition temperature higher than that of the elastomer A under conditions in which only the elastomer A can be vulcanized. CONSTITUTION:In producing a composition comprising a vulcanizable elastomer (A) and an elastomer (B) having a glass transition temperature higher than that of the elastomer A, these two elastomers are premixed together under conditions in which only the elastomer A can be vulcanized. Examples of said elastomer (A) include an ethylene/alpha-olefin/diene copolymer rubber, butyl acrylate, and chlorosulfonated polyethylene of a chlorine content of 20-35wt.%. Examples of said elastomer (B) include fluororubber, acrylic rubber of an ethyl acrylate content >=60wt.%, and acrylonitrile/butadiene rubber.

Lid of food storage container

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve a gas barrier property as a whole, by using an ethylene/ vinyl alcohol copolymer film having a good oxygen blocking property and bonding a polyolefin film to both sides thereof. CONSTITUTION:A film 3 composed of an ethylene/maleic anhydride/ethyl acrylate terpolymer is laminated to the single surface of an ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer film 4 and, further, a stretched polypropylene or polyester film 1 on which printing or metal vapor deposition is applied is laminated to said film 3. Then, an ethylene/ethyl acrylate copolymer film 5 or terpolymer film is laminated to the other surface of the copolymer film and a sealant 6 is further bonded thereon. Since this material is composed of the laminate of various synthetic resin films and rich in a gas barrier property as a whole, the penetration of gas or moisture through a lid is prevented and, therefore, the deterioration of a contained food is reduced and said material becomes suitable for the lid for a food container.

Effect of zinc chloride on the kinetics of copolymerization of ethyl acrylate with styrene

Abstract: The accelerating effect of zinc chloride on the copolymerization of ethyl acrylate with styrene initiated by AIBN in benzene was investigated. The order of reaction with respect to monomer and ZnCl2 concentration is determined. The energy of activation of the copolymerization in presence and absence of ZnCl2 is calculated.

Adhesive resin and composite material

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain an adhesive resin suitable for plastic, metal, paper, wood, inorganic material, etc, by adding an unsaturated carboxylic acid (anhydride) and an organic peroxide to a resin composition of eg ethylene/α-olefin copolymer and subjecting the resin to graft-modification reaction CONSTITUTION: The objective adhesive resin is produced by compounding (A) 100 ptswt of a resin composition composed of (i) 20-60 ptswt of a straight- chain ethylene/α-olefin copolymer having a density of ≥0915g/ml, (ii) 10-50 ptswt of a straight-chain ethylene/α-olefin copolymer having a density of ≤0910g/ml and (iii) 20-60 ptswt of an ethylene/ethyl acrylate copolymer having an ethyl acrylate content of 22-50wt%, (B) 001-30 ptswt of an unsaturated carboxylic acid (anhydride) and (C) 0001-10 ptwt of an organic peroxide and subjecting the mixture to graft-modification reaction The adhesive resin is especially effective in firmly bonding the same or different kinds of hardly adhesive materials such as vinyl chloride resin, vinylidene chloride resin, iron, Al, PE and magnesium hydroxide COPYRIGHT: (C)1991,JPO&Japio

Polyamide film reduced in pinhole formation

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide a polyamide film reduced in pinhole formation, excellent in abrasion resistance, etc., and suitable as a packaging material or the like, by melt-mixing a polyamide with a specified ethylene copolymer at a specified weight ratio, forming the mixture into a film and biaxially orienting this film. CONSTITUTION:99.9-95pts.wt. polyamide (A) (e.g., nylon 6 or nylon 66) is melt- mixed with 0.1-5pts.wt. ethylene copolymer (B) comprising 95-50wt.% ethylene, 0.1-10wt.% unsaturated carboxylic acid (e.g., maleic anhydride) and 4.9-40wt.% alkyl ester of an unsaturated carboxylic acid (e.g., ethyl acrylate) and having a melt index of 0.1-60g/10min. The obtained melt is formed into a film, and this film is biaxially oriented to obtain the title film which is a biaxially oriented film of a thickness of 1-50mu and in which the number of pinholes formed when it is subjected to a flex fatigue test including repeated flex of 1,000 runs at 5 deg.C is at most 10 and a haze <=7% when subjected to the same test.