Showing papers on "Geothermal desalination published in 1999"
TL;DR: In this paper, the evaluation of various desalination technologies for the utilization of desalinated brackish water in Jordan was carried out using multi-criteria analysis, based on technical, economic, and environmental aspects.
79 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a self-regulating ATLANTIS multistage desalination system coupled with a solar pond is described, and the operating principles of the unit as well as of the solar pond are reviewed.
66 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the potential of coupling between renewable energy sources and brackish or seawater desalting technologies in Tunisia has been investigated, mainly solar, wind and geothermal energy sources.
62 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a falling film evaporator and a condenser were used to transfer heat and mass transfer in a desalination plant with aero-evapo-condensation process.
53 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a full-titanium desalinator with tube bundles was used for improving expertise on heat recovery with highly corrosive fluids, on co-generation plants aimed at producing electricity and fresh water, and on desalination fed by solar energy.
52 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a model for heat-and-mass transfer in a desalination plant, using the aero-evapo-condensation process, has been studied theoretically and experimentally.
51 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, potential renewable energy sources, which can be harnessed toward brackish and seawater desalination in Tunisia, have been evaluated, and small-scale renewable energy-driven Desalination plants might be the most economical solution for providing portable water to remote and isolated communities where the electric grid and the proper infrastructure are lacking.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new technological concept for the desalination of surface water to industrial water, the production of a mixed acid and a mixed base by electrodialysis with bipolar membranes from effluents was one main objective of the study.
37 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an original concept of cogeneration relating a gas turbine to a multi effect desalination unit + a lithium bromide absorption heat pump.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the efficiency of two desalination low-temperature technologies: multistage flash (MSF) and multi-effect distillation (MED) in dual-purpose power/desalination plants based on gas turbines.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the reverse osmosis deep sea system (RODSS) was designed in collaboration among ENEL-Research (Milano), ETA (Firenze), JRC (Ispra), and WIP (Muenchen), under the auspices of the European Commission.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the heat transfer of air-water-vapour mixtures in a desalination plant using the aero-evapo-condensation process theoretically and experimentally.
TL;DR: The deep pool reactor (DPR) is a novel design of a pool-type reactor for supplying heat as discussed by the authors, and some special means of reduction of investment cost and nuclear fuel cost are adopted in DPR design.
TL;DR: The basic material selection employed for evaporative desalination plants in the first large-scale industrial installations was substantially different from material currently selected as mentioned in this paper, which led to a different material selection and to an extensive adoption of more noble materials especially for seawater desalification.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the operation of a desalination plant with an absorption heat pump, which does not use much electric power for transformation of heat, but it uses steam generated by turbines of the power station.
01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: The Kimolos Geothermal Desalination Project as discussed by the authors is concerned with the exploitation of the low enthalpy geothermal potential of Kimolis island for the production of fresh water through geothermal water desalination, with the intent of achieving water sufficiency for the island.
Abstract: The Kimolos Geothermal Desalination Project is concerned with the exploitation of the low enthalpy geothermal potential of Kimolos island for the production of fresh water through geothermal water desalination, with the intent of achieving water sufficiency for the island. Funding for the project was provided by the THERMIE EU-DGXVII program through contract No. GE-438-94-HE. The island of Kimolos, faces pronounced water scarcity problems, as other Aegean Sea islands also do. Nevertheless, Kimolos Isl. is fortunate enough to possess a very significant source of environmentally friendly energy which is renewable and of low cost, that is the low enthalpy geothermal energy potential. The desalination method applied is that of Multiple-Effe ct Distillation (MED) with distillation under vacuum in vertical tubes. The unit will use low enthalpy geothermal energy (with a wellhead temperature of approximately 61 o C) as the heating and feed-water medium. The unit, built during the period of 1998-1999 produced, in average, 3.24 m 3 /h of fresh water, when a geothermal water flow-rate of 50 m 3 /h at a wellhead temperature of 61 o C was utilized. The fresh water produced had a Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) content of less than 10 ppm, according to the plant’s built-in salinity meter. Several tests to measure and quantify the differential production of the unit tookplace during the monitoring period. Different geothermal water yields were tested against the fresh-water production rate of the unit. According to the results of this project the exploitation of low enthalpy geothermal energy in the unit results in the substitution of at least 500 TOE/year [1 TOE (Tonnes Oil Equivalent) = 8,000,000 kcal/h]. Our intention in this demonstrative project is to demonstrate the technology of producing clear fresh desalinated water from low enthalpy geothermal resources on Kimolos Isl. Further-on, we investigate the technical and financial feasibility for applying and disseminating such innovative desalination schemes in other regions of Greece and the EU with similar renewable energy sources potential.
TL;DR: The deep pool Reactor (DPR) is an extremely simple and safe nuclear plant that can be used as a heat source for seawater desalination due to its appropriate power size and temperature of heat supply as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented the theoretical study and the results of experiments carried out with a capillary film multi-effect distiller installed in the south of Algeria (in a village near Touggourt, where the temperature of the groundwater is about 65°C at the source).
01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a power/water cogeneration design with the lowest possible prime energy consumption, where the energy needed can be taken from the waste heat of the advanced passive nuclear power plant AP 600, which leads to a reduction of water and electricity costs.
Abstract: Sea water desalination is seen to be the most important source of potable water for the population on islands and coastal regions. These are also the regions which will suffer from the environmental impact of increased carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, carbon dioxide free energy from nuclear power plants should be used for sea water desalination. Both industries, sea water desalination and nuclear power plants, have achieved independently a very high level of operating economics and safety. An example for the technological progress in this area is the new concept developed by Salzgitter Anlagenbau in Germany for a power/water (reverse osmosis) cogeneration design with the lowest possible prime energy consumption. As demonstrated in the paper, the energy needed can be taken from the waste heat of the advanced passive nuclear power plant AP 600. The combined plant configuration is able to doublicate the effective use of nuclear heat produced in the AP 600, which leads to a reduction of water and electricity costs. Details of safety and economic features of the proposed combined plant are outlined. Environmental impacts related to Kyoto and Buenos Aires climate conferences are discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the Las Palmas-Telde Desalination Plant (LPS) was constructed with two advanced low temperature multi-effect distillation (LT-MED) seawater desalination units of 17,500 m 3 /d capacity each.